抗精神病药物对胎儿影响的临床研究

目的：探讨抗精神病药物在妊娠期使用对胎儿的影响。方法：对90例孕期一直服用抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症患者分娩时的年龄、丈夫年龄,精神病遗传史,新生儿出生缺陷情况及与药物的关系等进行随访登记,并将资料行统计学分析。结果：本组新生儿出生缺陷率为16.67%（15例）;各药物组患者孕期病情,分娩年龄,首次妊娠例数,妊娠反应及阳性遗传史均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;新生儿出生缺陷率与药物剂量有关（P〈0.05）,氯丙嗪对胎儿的不良影响大于其他药物,新型药物影响较小。结论：抗精神病药物只要达到一定剂量,对胎儿便有致畸、致死的不良反应,建议服用抗精神病药物,尤其是氯丙嗪治疗时,应推迟妊娠或终止妊娠。

Effects of exposure to antipsychotics during pregnancy on newborns

Objective: To study the effects of exposure to antipsychotics during pregnancy on newborns.Methods:Data were collected and analyzed of 90 women patients who received antipsychotics persistently during pregnancy.Results: The incidence of birth effect was 16.67%(15patients).The maternal age,morning sickness,family history and disease severity of patients were,significantly different between different drug groups(P>0.05).The ratio of newborns birth defect was related of drug dosage(P<0.05);The effects of chlorpromazine on newborns were more harmful than other antipsycotics.Conclusions: Antipsychotics have effect on fetus,so if patients were administered antipsychotics,especially cholpromazine,should delay pregnancy or terminate pregnancy.