21例儿童流行性乙型脑炎临床分析

目的 掌握儿童流行性乙型脑炎（简称乙脑）的临床特征，为诊治乙脑提供参考。方法 收集我院儿科确诊的21例乙脑患儿资料，对他们的预防接种史、临床表现、辅助检查及诊疗过程进行分析。结果 本组患儿均来自农村，发病月份为7-9月，大多患儿未接种乙脑疫苗或接种史不详，临床表现为高热、颅高压症状、频繁抽搐、意识障碍、呼吸衰竭；病初外周血白细胞计数及中性粒细胞均增高，病后3-7天血清或脑脊液乙脑IgM阳性；大多患儿出院时有各种不同程度神经系统损害。结论 儿童乙脑病情危重，早诊断、积极治疗可降低病死率和致残率。

Clinical analysis of epidemic encephalitis B in 21 Children

ABSTRACT: The aim was to master the clinical characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in children in order to provide reference for diagnosis and treatment of this disease. The inoculation history,clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination， diagnosis and treatment of 21 pediatric inpatients with epidemic encephalitis B were analyzed. Results indicated that all these children were from the countryside，and the cases occurred between July and September.Most children were uninoculated or the inoculation history is unknown.The patients presented with high fever,cranial high-pressure symptoms,frequent convulsions,consciousness obstacle,and respiratory failure. Peripheral white blood cell count and neutrophils were increased in the early stage of illness.The epidemic encephalitis type B specific IgM antibody with serum or cerebrospinal fluid was positive in 3 to 7 days after illness.Most children have neurological damage to various degrees when they left the hospital. This studysuggested that illness condition of Epidemic encephalitis B is often critical.Early diagnosis and active therapy could reduce mortality and morbidity.