人工骨修复材料及金属钛材料在骨组织工程中的应用

背景：寻找具有良好生物特性的骨组织工程修复材料一直是骨科研究的热点,尽管目前各种骨修复材料及方式较多,但没有一种能够非常完美地替代人骨。目的：针对组织工程学和钛板及钛网植骨修复骨损伤的研究作一综述。方法：检索CNKI和Medline数据库(2000-01/2011-10),以组织工程,人工骨修复,钛板,钛网植骨为关键词。将近年发表的针对性强的文章纳入研究范围,同一领域的文献则选择近期发表或权威杂志的文章。排除与传统材料或方法修复骨损伤和陈旧的文献。对查阅到的最新研究及临床应用有实用价值的文献详细分析并加以总结概括。结果与结论：初次检索到204篇文献,严格按照纳入标准,最终将27篇文献纳入研究。传统方法修复损伤的骨常常遇到组织相容性不佳,材料不足,无法随个体生长等问题,极大降低修复体的应用效果,而钛网植骨具有手术操作简便,排斥反应小,可任意塑形,植入后能与宿主骨形成紧密的骨性结合,且有一定的固定支持作用,从而能获得满意的骨缺损修复。关键词：人工骨;组织工程;钛板;钛网植骨;骨修复doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.032

Application of synthetic bone-repair materials and titanium metallic materials in bone tissue engineering

BACKGROUND: Searching for the repair materials with good biological characteristics for bone tissue engineering has been a hot spot of orthopedic research. Although there are various kinds of bone repair materials and methods, but none of them can perfectly replace the human bone.OBJECTIVE: To review the tissue engineering research which focuses on using titanium plate, titanium mesh bone grafting to repair bone damage.METHODS: An online search of CNKI and Medline databases was performed using the key words of “tissue engineering”, “artificial bone repair”, “titanium plate” and “titanium mesh bone grafting” for related articles published between January 2000 and October 2011. Related articles published in recent years were included; as to the same field, articles published recently or in authoritative magazines were selected. Outdated literatures and articles on bone defect repair using traditional materials or methods were excluded. Most recent studies and articles with practical value were collected, analyzed in detail and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 201 articles were collected after the preliminary search; 27 of them were retained according to the inclusion criteria. Using traditional methods to repair damaged bone often encounter many problems, such as poor tissue compatibility, lack of materials and can not match the individual growth, which greatly reduce the application effect of the restoration. Titanium mesh bone grafting is easy to operate, has small rejection; it can be shaped arbitrarily and stable osseointegration with the host bone is achieved after implantation. In addition, titanium mesh bone grafting can create a solid base of support. Therefore, satisfied repairing effects of bone defects can be achieved using titanium mesh bone grafting.