不同材料和结构食管支架置入恶性食管狭窄患者围手术期的普适性和特异性生活质量问卷评估

背景：目前食管内支架较多使用Z型不锈钢支架和记忆合金网状支架，两者疗效是否存在差异呢？ 目的：用生活质量问卷评估不同材料及不同结构食管支架置入治疗恶性食管狭窄者效果的差异。 方法：79例晚期食管癌患者，其中38例分别置入国产Z型不锈钢支架，41例置入镍钛记忆合金网状支架，分别在支架置入前，置入后1，3个月进行生活质量普适性问卷和食管癌特异性问卷评估。 结果与结论：生活质量普适性问卷比较，置入后1，3个月时两组患者躯体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、社会功能评分及总体健康分均明显高于置入前(P < 0.05)，但组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；食管癌特异性问卷比较，两组患者各症状条目评分及总症状分置入前差异无显著性意义(P >0.05)，置入后1，3个月时均明显降低，且记忆合金组部分症状分及总症状分明显低于Z型不锈钢组(P < 0.05)。说明国产Z型不锈钢和镍钛记忆合金网状支架均可改善恶性食管狭窄的生活质量，但镍钛记忆合金网状支架改善食管癌特异性生活质量评分更显著一些。

Universality and specificity of esophageal stents with different materials and structures during perioperative period of patients with malignant esophageal strictures: A life quality questionnaire

BACKGROUND: Z-type stainless steel stent and memory alloy net-like stent are commonly used for esophageal surgery at present, while whether there are differences in efficacy between them is still confused. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of implantation of esophageal stent with different materials and structures on treatment of patients with malignant esophageal strictures using life quality questionnaire. METHODS: A total of 79 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were involved. Thirty-eight patients were treated with Chinese-made Z-type stainless steel stent and 41 patients were implanted with nickel-titanium shape-memory alloy net-like stent. Evaluation of universal life quality questionnaire and specific questionnaire of esophageal cancer was performed at 1 and 3 months after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The universal life quality questionnaire showed that the physical, role, emotional and social function scores and general healthy scores of all patients after implantation were obviously increased than before (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). The specific questionnaire of esophageal cancer showed there were no significant differences in each functional score and general healthy score before and after implantation  (P > 0.05). However, the scores were reduced at 1 and 3 months after implantation, and the scores of each function and general health in the memory alloy net-like stent group were obviously higher than those in the Z-type stainless steel stent group (P > 0.05). The results indicate that both Z-type stainless steel stent and nickel-titanium shape-memory alloy net-like stent can improve the life quality of patients with malignant esophageal strictures, but the nickel-titanium shape-memory alloy net-like stent is superior to the Z-type stainless steel stent in improving the specific life quality scores of esophageal cancer.