脊髓损伤患者站立活动量与骨密度的变化

背景：脊髓损伤后的骨质疏松，可造成患者持重能力下降，严重影响其生活质量。 目的：分析脊髓损伤后患者的活动情况与骨密度变化的情况。 方法：根据脊髓损伤患者每天的站立活动情况，分为3组：充分活动组每天站立活动1 h以上；限制活动组每天站立活动不足1 h；无活动组无站立活动。 结果与结论：通过双能X射线骨密度仪对患者腰椎及股骨部进行骨密度检查后显示，充分活动组与限制活动组的腰椎(L2~4)、股骨颈、股骨转子和Ward’s三角区骨密度水平高于无活动组(P < 0.05)，充分活动组的骨密度水平较限制活动组有显著提高(P < 0.05)。结果证实，相对于脊髓损伤后的相对制动，适当的站立活动在一定程度上有助于减少患者的骨质丢失，缓解骨质疏松的发展，提高骨密度水平。

Standing time and bone density changes in patients with spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis after spinal cord injury can decline pragmatic ability and seriously influence life quality. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the activities and bone density changes in patients with spinal cord injury. METHODS: Patients with spinal cord injury were divided into three groups according to daily standing time. Patients in sufficient activity group with daily standing time of more than 1 hour, patients in restricted activity group with daily standing time of less than 1 hour, and non-activity group has no standing activities. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry detected bone mineral density in lumbar spine and femur showed that bone densities of lumbar spine (L2-4), femoral neck, femoral intertrochanteric and Ward's triangle in the sufficient activity and restricted activity groups were higher than those of the non-activity group (P < 0.05), and bone density in the sufficient activity group was superior to the restricted activity group (P < 0.05). The results confirmed that compared with relative restricted activity after spinal cord injury, appropriate standing activities can help to reduce bone loss, alleviate the development of osteoporosis and improve the level of bone density.