基于C型臂2D投影的3D模型重建

背景：基于C型臂2D投影的3D模型重建是一种以XRII图像作为基础，经过校正后的运用一定数值函数进行3D模型重建的技术，可在手术过程中提供给手术者丰富的图像信息，方便手术的进行。目的：探讨基于C型臂2D投影的3D模型重建技术诸多方面的问题。方法：由第一作者检索1990/2010 PubMed数据库、CNKI系列数据库及万方数据库有关图像引导手术技术、C型臂2D投影图像校正与重建、基于2D图像的3D模型重建以及医学图像配准等方面的文献。结果与结论：基于C型臂2D投影图像的3D模型重建是指以C型臂获取的2D投影图像为基础，实现骨骼3D模型的术中重建。3D重建模型不仅含有更为丰富的骨骼外部形状等解剖结构信息，而且还可包含骨密度及强度等骨骼内部多元有用信息。该技术可分为两条主线：有限角度锥形束X射线摄影合成方法；基于统计可变模型的非刚性配准方法。未来的研究可将该技术与手术导航相关技术进行结合从而建立手术导航系统。关键词：数字化医学；C型臂；2D投影；工作原理；关键技术；重建doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.13.036 

Reconstruction of a three-dimensional model based on C-arm two-dimensional projections

BACKGROUND: X-ray image intensifier images are the basement of three-dimensional (3D) model reconstruction based on C-arm two-dimensional (2D) projections. The 3D model reconstruction technology corrected with certain numerical functions can provide enough image information for surgeons during surgery to facilitate surgery.OBJECTIVE: To explore the 3D model reconstruction technology based on C-arm 2D projections. METHODS: PubMed database, CNKI database and Wanfang database were retrieved to search papers published between January 1990 to December 2010 about image-guided surgery technology, correction and reconstruction of C-arm 2D images, 3D model reconstruction based on C-arm 2D projections, as well as medical image registration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 3D model reconstruction based on C-arm 2D projections refers to reconstructing 3D bone models on the basis of 2D projections acquired with a mobile C-arm X-ray machine. 3D reconstructed model contains not only more abundant information about the external anatomy structure of the bone, but also more useful multiple information internal the bone such as bone density and bone strength. The technology contains two main lines: synthetic limited angle X-ray photography of cone-beam; non-rigid registration based on statistical variable model. The technology can be combined with operation navigation technology to establish a surgical navigation system in the future research.