危重症手足口病危险因素的病例对照研究

目的　探讨危重症手足口病的主要危险因素,为防控危重症手足口病提供依据。方法　选取2010-2011年在厦门市手足口病定点医院就诊的手足口病危重症患儿31例为病例组,随机抽取69例非重症手足口病患儿为对照组。调查患儿人口学情况、出生情况、发病和临床经过、就医情况、感染的病毒型别等。结果　手足口病危重症的相关危险因素包括感染EV71、发病至首次就诊的时间以及发病前1个月内罹患呼吸道疾病。结论　重症手足口病患儿起病急、症状重，EV71感染是重症手足口病发病的主要危险因素, 发病年龄低、发病前一个月内罹患呼吸道疾病会增加重症手足口病的风险。

Case-control study of risk factors for severe hand-foot-mouth disease

Abstract In this study, we used case-control study method to explore the risk factors lead to severe situation of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and the results could be helpful for the disease prevention and intervention. 31 severe cases in designated hospital in Xiamen city were chose as case group and 69 common cases were as control group, respectively. The demography of the cases and characteristics of patients, including disease course, medical treatment and type of virus infected, were investigated. We found the enterovirus 71 (EV71) infections, the time from disease onset to first seeking medical treatment, lower age of the cases, suffering respiratory disease before were the factors related to severity of the disease. The EV71 infection might be the major risk factor, and the others could contribute to the severity of the disease.