心理干预对乳腺癌患者围术期生活质量的影响

探讨心理干预对乳腺癌患者围术期生活质量的影响。方法将32例乳腺癌患者按随机数字表法分为2组:对照组和干预组,每组16例。2组患者均采用常规护理及综合治疗。在此基础上,干预组实施心理干预,心理干预3～4次。并对2组患者术前、术后1周、化疗结束后和化疗结束后随访3个月采用生活质量调查表进行调查。结果术后1周、化疗结束后、化疗结束后随访3个月:干预组患者躯体功能、社会功能评分值与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),干预组患者角色功能、情绪功能、认知功能、总体健康状况评分值与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),干预组患者呼吸困难、便秘评分值与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),干预组患者疲乏和恶心、呕吐、失眠、食欲丧失评分值与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。干预组患者术后1周腹泻评分值与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预组患者化疗结束后、化疗结束后随访3个月经济困难、疼痛评分值与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论心理干预能明显地提高乳腺癌患者围术期的生活质量,有利于促进术后恢复。

Effect of Psychological Intervention on Quality of Life in Perioperative Period in Patients with Breast Cancer

Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on the quality of life in perioperative period in patients with breast cancer.Methods Thirty-two patients with breast cancer were randomized to receive conventional nursing and comprehensive treatment alone(control group,n=16) or in combination with psychological intervention,psychological intervention in 3-4 times(intervention group,n=16).The quality of life was assessed using a questionnaire before operation,1 week after operation,at the end of chemotherapy and 3 months after the end of chemotherapy.Results There were no significant differences in scores for physical function,social function,difficulty breathing,and constipation between intervention group and control group 1 week after operation,at the end of chemotherapy and 3 months after the end of chemotherapy(all P>0.05),but the differences in scores for role function,mood function,cognitive function,overall health status,fatigue,nausea,vomiting,insomnia and appetite loss were obvious between the two groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In addition,scores for diarrhea at 1 week after operation and scores for economic difficulty and pain at the end of chemotherapy and 3 months after the end of chemotherapy in intervention group were significantly different from those in control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion The psychological intervention can improve the quality of life in perioperative period and promote postoperative recovery in patients with breast cancer.