肝硬化患者肝细胞癌的预防和治疗

肝硬化患者肝细胞癌的预防主要在于如何降低相关危险因素，尤其是对HBV、HCV相关性肝硬化的预防。HBV、HCV疫苗的应用是预防的关键，抗病毒药物预防有助于减少HBV、HCV的复制，降低HCC的发生率。HCC的根治治疗主要包括手术切除和肝移植，对于不能行根治的患者选用适当的非手术切除的多种介入疗法；其他治疗如辅以免疫治疗、分子靶向治疗也有助于改善肝细胞癌患者的预后。

Prevention and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis

The prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in patients with cirrhosis is to reduce the related risk factors, especially on the preventing hepatitis B and C virus-related cirrhosis. The mainly approaches to preventing HCC should focus on eradicating the infection of HBV and HCV by vaccination. Antiviral therapy is effective in viral clearance or sustained suppression of virus replication and should reduce the incidence of HCC. Current curative treatment options for HCC include surgical resection and liver transplantation, but these approaches are restricted to carefully selected patients who may benefit from such interventions. Other multimodal treatment approach including immunotherapy and molecularly targeted therapy should be the best way to optimize the outcomes for patients with HCC.