碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和血管内皮生长因子在糖尿病骨骼肌病变中的变化及意义

目的 探讨糖尿病骨骼肌碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的变化及其在糖尿病骨骼肌病变中的作用。方法 选用Wistar大鼠，随机分成4组：正常对照组、单纯后肢缺血组、糖尿病组和糖尿病后肢缺血组。以四氧嘧啶50mg／kg尾静脉注射制造糖尿病模型。糖尿病造模后2周结扎右股动脉制造缺血模型。10周后，观察腓肠肌病理形态学改变，同时采用免疫组化方法检测bFGF和VEGF蛋白表达情况。结果 糖尿病组骨骼肌表现为普遍性肌萎缩，肌纤维变性坏死。单纯缺血组和糖尿病组bFGF蛋白表达减弱（表达阳性率分别为53．66％和35．51％），糖尿病后肢缺血组bFGF的阳性率为25．42％，下降明显（P〈0．01）。糖尿病缺血组VEGF表达阳性率为20．68％，低于单纯缺血组（54．04％，P〈0．01）。结论 高血糖和缺血引起肌肉中bFGF及VEGF等生长因子的变化可能是糖尿病骨骼肌萎缩的重要原因之一。

The Effects of bFGF and VEGF on Diabetic Myopathy

Objective To study the effect of bFGF and VEGF on diabetic myopathy.Methods 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal control group,diabetic group,non-diabetic ischemia group and diabetic ischemia group.Diabetes models were established in rats by injection of 50 mg alloxan /kgBW via the tail vein.The ischemia rat models of were produced by the femoral artery ligation of the right lower limb.After 10 weeks,the expressions of bFGF and VEGF in gastrocnemius were studied by immunohistochemistry.Results Morphometric changes of skeletal muscle in experimental diabetic rats were characterized primarily by widespread myatrophy,muscle fiber denaturalization and necrosis.Compared with normal control group,the expression of bFGF in ischemia group and diabetic groups decreased,and the positive percentage in diabetic ischemia group(25.42%)was the lowest in all groups(all P<0.01).The expression of VEGF in diabetic ischemia group(20.68%)was lower than that in the non-diabetic ischemia group(54.04%,P<0.01).Conclusions The change of bFGF and VEGF caused by hyperglycemia and ischemia could be one of the important causes in diabetic myopathy.