年龄相关性的L4椎板腰部与下关节突尖端距离比值变化的研究

目的　研究腰椎椎板、小关节形态随着年龄变化的规律。 方法　选取300例无腰椎疾患的正常人为研究对象，行腰椎正侧位X线检查。将研究对象根据年龄分为6个组：（组 I:＜30岁, 组 II: 31~40岁, 组 III:41~50 岁, 组 IV: 51~60 岁, 组 V: 61~70岁, 组 VI:＞70岁）。测量L4椎板腰部（a）与腰4下关节突尖端之间的距离（b）的比值。 结果　a/b的比值在6个年龄组分别为0.825±0.101、0.836±0.088、0.840±0.098、0.858±0.084、0.878±0.091、0.890±0.119。伴随着年龄的增长其呈现逐渐增大的趋势。大于70岁组比值最大，与组I到组IV存在统计学差异。 结论　伴随着年龄的增长，椎板腰部的距离与下关节突尖端之间的距离比值逐渐增大，这意味着椎管横径逐渐狭窄、小关节更偏向于矢状位，发生退行性滑脱的可能性较大。

Age-related changes in the configuration of the L4 lamina and facet joints of lumbar spine

Objective　To explore the age-related morphologic changes of lumbar laminas and facet joints morphology.　Methods　Three hundred spinal disease-free people coming for physical examination in our hospital underwent lumbar X-Ray examination were included in our study. All subjects were divided into 6 groups based on age (group I: 30 years of age, group II: 31~40 years, group III: 41~50 years, group IV: 51~60 years, group V: 61~70 years, and group VI: 70 years of age). We measured the distance of laminas waist (a) and inferior articular process (b) of lumbar 4. Then the Ratio of a/b was calculated.　Results　The value of a/b of group I to VI was 0.825±0.101, 0.836±0.088, 0.840±0.098, 0.858±0.084, 0.878±0.091 and 0.890±0.119 , respectively. The value of a/b in group VI was higher than other groups and statistical differences were found between group VI and other groups except group V. Conclusion The value of a/b gradually increases as people become older. This means value of transverse diameter of the vertebral canal becomes small and the orientation of the L4~L5 facet joints becomes more vertical with age.