不同国家人群胸椎椎弓根解剖结构的对比研究

目的　通过文献回顾对比不同国家人群胸椎椎弓根解剖结构的异同,为胸椎手术中椎弓根钉的选择、手术成功率及安全性的提高奠定理论基础。 方法　以 “胸椎”、“椎弓根”、“解剖”、“测量”等为关键词,语言限定为英语或中文,在中国知识网、Pubmed、Web of knowledge等数据库中检索相关文献。排除不符合要求的文献,根据实验对象来源地将纳入文献进行国别划分,对比不同国家人群胸椎椎弓根解剖参数的异同。 结果　共20篇文献被纳入对比性研究。椎弓根高（pedicle height, PDH）最小值均位于T1,最大值位于T11或T12,中间椎序列PDH变化相对较小;不同国家人群椎弓根宽（pedicle width,PDW）均随椎序数的增加呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势,最小值位于T4或T5;虽然来自不同国家人群椎弓根水平面夹角（transverse pedicle angle,TPDA）数值存在一定差异,但均自T1~T10随椎序的增加呈减小趋势。 结论　不同国家人群胸椎椎弓根解剖参数随椎序变化呈现大致相同的变化趋势,但其具体解剖参数尚存在一定差异,熟悉上述解剖差异是提高手术成功率与安全性的关键。

Comparative research of anatomical structures of human thoracic pedicle in different countries

Objective　To compare the similarities and differences of human thoracic pedicle anatomical structures in different countries by literature review, and to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of pedicle screws in thoracic surgery and improve the operation success rate and safety.　Methods To retrieve the related literature at home and abroad in CNKI, Pubmed, Web of knowledge and other database with the key words named "thoracic", "pedicle", "anatomy" and "measured", language limited to English or Chinese. Excluding the non-conforming literature, the remaining literature was divided into groups according to the origin of the experimental objects, and then the anatomical parameters of human thoracic vertebral pedicle in different countries were compared.　Results　A total of 20 articles were included after screening. The minimum value of pedicle height (PDH) was located at T1, and the maximum value was at T11 or T12, and the PDH varied relatively little at the middle levels of thoracic spine. In different countries, the pedicle width (PDW) decreased firstly and then increased from T1 to T12 and the minimum value was at T4 or T5. Although there were some differences in the numerical value of the pedicle horizontal (TPDA）angle in different countries, all of them were decreasing from T1 to T10.　Conclusions　The anatomical parameters of human thoracic vertebral pedicles in different countries show a similar trend with the change of vertebral body sequence, but there are some differences in anatomical parameters. Familiarity with the above anatomical differences is the key to improve the success rate and safety of surgery.