2014年云南省大理州居民死因监测分析

目的 利用我国死因登记报告系统年度报告数据分析2014年云南省大理州居民死亡水平和主要死亡原因，为卫生防控政策的制定提供参考依据。方法 以死亡率、构成比和期望寿命描述居民死亡水平；以潜在减寿年数（PYLL）描述疾病生命损失。结果 2014年大理州共报告死亡个案20989例，居民死亡率为585.83/10万（标化死亡率601.08/10万），男性死亡率（685.49/10万）高于女性（521.25/10万）（2=383.56，P0.001）；三大类疾病死亡构成依次为慢性非传染性疾病（82.11%）、损伤和中毒（11.36%）、感染性、母婴及营养缺乏性疾病（6.53%）；前5位死因依次为循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤和中毒、消化系统疾病，占总死亡的89.00%；全人群PYLL前5位依次为损伤和中毒、循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病；男性前5位PYLL与全人群一致；女性顺位第1位为循环系统疾病、第2位为肿瘤、第3位为损伤和中毒；全人群期望寿命77.08岁，其中男性74.46岁，女性79.94岁。去除循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤和中毒的影响，居民期望寿命分别将增加6.24、3.08、1.68和1.56岁。结论 大理州居民主要死因以慢性非传染性疾病为主，损伤和中毒是青壮年减少寿命的主要原因，各年龄组主要死因有差异，应针对不同年龄组人群开展健康教育和行为干预。

Surveillance for death causes in residents in Dali,Yunnan, 2014

Objective To understand the morality and death causes in residents in Dali prefecture, Yunnan province in 2014 and provide evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods The mortality rate, death cause constituent, life expectancy and the potential years of life lost (PYLL) in local residents were analyzed. Results The crude mortality rate was 585.83/100000 and the standardized mortality rate was 601.08/100 000. The mortality rate in males (685.49/100000) was higher than that in females (521.25/100 000) (2=383.56,P0.001). The first five leading death cause were circulatory system diseases, respiratory diseases, cancer, injury/poisoning and digestive diseases. The deaths caused by these diseases accounted for 89.00% of the total. The first PYLL in whole population was injury and poisoning, but the first PYLL in females was circulatory system diseases. The life expectancy in residents in Dali was 77.08 years, and it was 74.46 years in males and 79.94 years in females. Conclusion The main causes of death in Dali residents was chronic non-communicable diseases. Injury and poisoning were the major death causes in young adults. The death causes varied in different age groups, it is necessary to carry out targeted health education and behavioral intervention in different age groups.