不同层次实习护生对海姆立克急救知识掌握现状及分析

目的了解某三甲医院不同层次实习护生对海姆立克急救知识的掌握现状,分析其薄弱环节,以便为针对性地开展海姆立克急救方法培训提供依据。方法自行设计海姆立克急救知识调查问卷,包括一般资料、不同情景下海姆立克急救方法的选择、各海姆立克急救方法关键知识点等,对广西5所高等院校在广西臬三甲医院实习的221名不同层次实习护生进行调查。结果本科实习护生在幼儿气道异物梗阻、气道异物梗阻患者身高或体型大于施救者时、气道异物梗阻后患者无意识等情景下选择海姆立克急救方法的正确率高于大专实习护生,本科组分别为84.4%、70.0%、34.4%,大专组分别为52.7%、50.4%、15.3%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组实习护生在气道异物梗阻导致意识丧失者的施救方法选择正确率普遍偏低,大专组为15.3%、本科组为34.4%;本科实习护生在掌握各海姆立克急救方法的部分关键知识点的正确率高于大专组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组实习护生在胸部冲去的着力点及方向、拍背/冲胸法中拍背方向等关键知识点正确率相对较低,大专组分别为58.6%、55.0%、54.2%,本科组分别为62.2%、60.0%、65.6%。结论实习护生对海姆立克急救知识有一定认知,但其急救思维及关键知识点有待进一步加强培训,可深化院校合作,达到培训同质化、规范化、标准化。

The current situation and analysis of the first aid knowledge of heim-lik among the students of different educational levels of nursing interns

Objective To understand the current situation of the first aid knowledge of Heimlich among the students of different levels in a third-class hospital,and analyze its weak links,so as to provide basis for the targeted training of Heimlich's first aid methods.Methods A self-designed questionnaire of heimlik first aid knowledge was designed,in cluding general information,selection of heimlik first aid methods in different situations,key knowledge points of each heimlik first aid method,etc.221 nursing students of different levels coming from five colleges and universities who were interned in a third-class Hospital of Guangxi Province were investigated.Results The correct rate of choosing heimlik emergency treatment method in children when airway foreign body obstruction,when the height or body size of patients with airway foreign body obstruction was larger than that of the rescuers,hen the patients were unconscious af ter airway foreign body obstruction was higher than that of junior college students.The undergraduate group was 84.4%,70.0%,and 34.4%,respectively,and the junior college group was 52.7%,50.4%,and 15.3%,respectively.The differ ence between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,the correct rate of choice of rescue methods for the loss of consciousness caused by airway foreign body obstruction in the two groups of nurse interns was generally lower,15.3%for college group and 34.4%for undergraduate group.The correct rate of some key knowledge points of each Heimlich first aid method in the undergraduate nursing interns was higher than junior college nursing interns,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but the correct rate of the two groups in the focus point and direction of chest impact,and the direction of the back/chest method were relatively lower.The junior college group was 58.0%,55.0%,and 54.2%,respectively,and the undergraduate group was 62.2%,60.0%,and 65.6%,respectively.Conclu sion The trainee nurses have some knowledge of heimlik's first aid knowledge,but their first aid thinking and key knowledge points need further training,which can deepen the cooperation of colleges and universities,and achieve the homogenization,standardization and specification of training.