空间蔬菜栽培装置地面实验样机研制

目的研制成空间蔬菜栽培装置地面实验样机,以便解决空间环境条件下栽培蔬菜的若干关键技术,为下一步研制空间蔬菜栽培装置样机和上天产品,并最终为在我国空间站实现空间蔬菜生产的实验与应用奠定基础。方法在详细技术方案论证与设计的基础上,进行了部件图纸设计与投厂加工、整机设备安装、调试、试运行和验证实验等。结果该样机栽培室内的温度、相对湿度、风速、总压、O2分压、CO2分压和栽培基质水分含量均实行自动而有效的控制;光源为高效电子荧光灯;平均蔬菜生产量可以 达到60g鲜重·d-1。结论该样机运行平稳,实际性能基本达到了预定的技术指标,部分组件的工作原理能够适应空间微重力环境,从而为今后研制空间蔬菜栽培装置打下了良好基础。

Development of a Prototype of Space Vegetable-cultivating Facility for Ground-based Experiments

Objective: To develop a ground-based experimental prototype of space vegetable-cultivating facility (GEPSVF), so as to solve the main key techniques related to higher plant cultivation in space environmental conditions, and to further lay a foundation for future development and application of the prototype of space vegetable-growing facility. Method: Based on detailed demonstration and design of technique plan, the blueprint design and machining of components, whole facility installment, debugging, trial operations and verification experiments were done. Result: The parameters in the growing chamber such as temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, total pressure, O2 partial pressure, CO2 partial pressure and water content of the growing media were totally and effectively controlled; the light source was electronic fluorescent lamp; the average vegetable-producing output reached 60 g (fresh weight) d-1. Conclusion: The prototype could operate stably; its actual performance indexes achieved the expected ones basically; some of its operating principles can adapt to space microgravity condition. Therefore, the prototype is a good beginning for future development of space vegetable-producing facilities.