我院235例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：了解我院药品不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及引发ADR的相关因素,促进临床合理用药。方法：对我院2009年度收集上报的235例ADR报告,就ADR上报来源、患者性别与年龄分布、既往过敏史、引发ADR的药物剂型及给药途径、引发ADR的药物种类及抗微生物药物分布、ADR累及器官或系统及临床表现、ADR严重程度分类及转归等进行统计分析。结果：235例ADR报告中,0～12a所占比例较高（31.49%）,静脉滴注是引起ADR的主要给药途径（82.13%）。抗微生物药物引发的ADR所占比例最高,有170例,占72.34%;其中,以喹诺酮类（35.88%）和头孢菌素类（32.94%）为主。ADR的临床表现以皮肤及附件系统损害为主（41.18%）,其次是全身性损害和消化系统损害。新的严重的ADR有27例。结论：应重视药品不良反应,加强ADR的监测和上报工作。

Analysis on 235 ADR case reports in our hospital

Objective：To investigate the features and relevant factors of adverse drug reactions（ADRs） occurred in our hospital in order to improve the rational administration in clinic.Methods：A total of 235 ADR case reports collected from our hospital in 2009 were classified and analyzed in terms of ADR reporting source,gender and age distribution of patients,previous history of allergies,dosage forms of the drugs and routes of administration,categories of ADR-inducing drugs and distribution of ADR-inducing antibacterial drugs,the organs or systems involved in ADRs and clinical manifestations,severity classification of ADRs and recoveries,etc.Results：In the total 235 case reports,the percentage of children under 12 years old accounted for 31.49%,and 82.13% of ADRs were induced by intravenous drip.The incidence of ADR cases was mainly induced by the antimicrobial drugs,accounted for 72.34%,among which quinolones（35.88%） and cephalosporins（32.94%） were the main varieties.The main clinical manifestations of ADRs were lesions of skin and its appendix（41.18%）,followed by systemic damage and damage of digestive system.There were 27 new and serious ADR reports.Conclusion：More attention should be paid to adverse drug reactions.Monitoring and reporting of ADRs should be strengthened.