胰岛素影响白血病细胞增殖信号通路研究的新进展

胰岛素在肿瘤发生发展中的作用日益得到肯定,而胰岛素受体(IR)和胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(IGF-1R)在结构上具有高度同源性,它们在白血病细胞中表达增高。研究证实,胰岛素能促进白血病肿瘤细胞增殖,其机制可能是通过结合IR、IGF-1R或IR-IGF-1R杂合受体,激活PI3K/Akt信号通路而起作用。然而,大剂量胰岛素有可能抑制白血病细胞增殖,其机制不清楚。通过阻断IR、IGF-1R可抑制白血病细胞增殖,因而IR、IGF-1R有可能成为白血病靶向治疗的新靶点。本文主要对胰岛素影响白血病细胞增殖信号传导通路的最新进展做一综述。

Advancement of insulin effecting signaling pathway of leukemia cell proliferation

Many reports have documented a role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as growth factors in many cancers. The sequence and structure of insulin receptor (IR) and IGF receptor (IGF-1R) are highly similar. Both receptors are overexpressed in leukemia cells.Studies indicate that insulin can enhance the singal of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathways by activating IR or IGF-1R or hybrid IR/IGF-IR receptors, resulting in the proliferation of leukemia cells. High concentration of insulin may inhibit the growth of leukemia cells, the mechanism of which remains to be unclear. Inhibiting IR and IGF-IR can diminish the proliferation of leukemia cells. Therefore, the assumption of IR/IGF-1R as a potential therapeutic target in leukemia appears reasonable. This article summarizes the recent advancement associated with the signaling pathway of insulin effecting the proliferation of leukemia cells.