儿童社区获得性肺炎病原学研究

目的研究郑州地区儿童社区获得性肺炎（community acquired pneumonia，CAP）的病原学种类及分布，为儿童CAP的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对368例CAP患儿行痰培养及病毒检测并进行分析比较。结果368例痰液标本中病原体检出率为76．3％（281例），其中细菌感染139例，病毒感染95例，细菌、病毒混合感染47例；细菌感染中以流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌为主；病毒感染则以呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒为主，3岁以下儿童呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒是其主要致病原，且于秋冬季节多发。结论郑州地区儿童CAP主要是由细菌感染引起的，流感杆菌是主要的致病菌，病毒感染则以呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒为主，3岁下儿童易患CAP。

Etiology on Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children

[ Objective ] To investigate the species and distribution of etiology of children with CAP （ Community Acquired Pneumoni- a ） in Zhengzhou area, provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control. [ Methods ] Sputum culture and virus detection were performed in 368 children with CAP, and the results were compared and analyzed. [ Results] The pathogens were detected in 281 （76.3% ）of 368 sputum samples, which included 139 cases of bacteria, 95 cases of virus and 47 cases of mixed infection. The pathogens of bacterial infection mainly were haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae, and virus infections mainly caused by respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus. Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus was the major pathogens in children under age 3, which often attacked in autumn and winter. [ Conclusion]The children CAP was mainly caused by bacterial infection in Zhengzhou area, and hemophilus influenzae was the major pathogen. Virus infections mainly caused by respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus. Children under age 3 were liable to CAP.