医院非发酵革兰阴性杆菌耐药谱变化分析

目的 了解我院医院感染主要病原菌耐药谱的变化，指导临床合理用药。方法 应用回顾性调查分析方法对我院自l999～2002年上半年临床标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的药敏试验进行统计分折。结果 病原菌仍以革兰阴性杆菌为主，占51．5％；铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、头孢哌酮、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、头孢他啶，鲍曼不动杆菌对阿米卡星、氧氟沙星、氨节西林／舒巴坦、头孢呋辛、头抱吡肟，嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对氨苄西林／舒巴坦的耐药率已发生显著性变化(P＜0.05)；与未加酶抑制剂抗菌药物相比，几种常见医院感染革兰阴性杆菌对加酶抑制剂抗菌药物耐药率均有不同程度的下降。结论 临床细菌耐药性日趋严重，应在医院开展细菌耐药性监测；指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。

Antibiotic Resistance Spectrum of Some Non-fermental Gram-negative Bacteria in Hospital

OBJECTIVE To study the change in antibiotic resistance spectrum of some non fermental Gram negative bacteria. METHODS To investigate retrospectively the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from clinical samples in our hospital during July, 1999 June, 2002. RESULTS The resistance rates of amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ceftazidime to P.aeruginosa; amikacin, ofloxacin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefepime to A.baumannii and ampicillin/sulbactam to S.maltophilia have changed obviously (P<0.05). The resistance rates of antibiotics combinating with beta lactamase inhibitors were lower than those with no combinating with beta lactamase ones, the difference between them was significant. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that there be an urgent need for surveillance of bacterial resistance in different hospitals and rational use of antimicrobial agents be emphasised during clinical therapy.