四川贫困地区农村孕产妇保健服务利用现状分析

目的 了解四川省贫困地区农村孕产妇保健服务利用的现状,并分析其影响因素.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,采用自行设计的"孕产妇卫生保健服务调查表"对1998以来分娩过或目前怀孕的妇女进行面对面访谈.结果 共调查了462名孕产妇,其中接受过产前保健服务的孕产妇人数最多,有387人(83.77%);接受了产后访视的人数最少,仅有144人(31.17%).不同年龄段、不同文化程度孕产妇,其孕前保健利用率、产前保健利用率和住院分娩率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),年收入低(<1000元)的孕产妇在利用保健服务方面的情况明显差于年收入较高(>5000)元的孕产妇(P<0.05),享受合作医疗保险和贫困医疗保险的孕产妇在孕前保健、产前检查、住院分娩和接受产后访视方面的情况都明显好于完全是自费的孕产妇(P<0.05.结论 四川贫困地区农村孕产妇保健利用状况仍不容乐观,这可能与该地区经济水平较低,育龄妇女文化程度不高,医疗保险普及率较低有关.

Use of Maternal Health Care Services in Poor Regions in Sichuan

Objective To undertake a research into the maternal health care services and its determinants in poor regions in Sichuan province.Methods Stratified cluster sampling strategy was employed to select the participants who had pregnancy since 1998 to complete the interview administered "maternal health care questionnaire".A total of 462 women participated in the study.Results Of the 462 women,387 received prenatal care services,the most common maternal health care services.Only 144 women got post-natal visits at least once.Maternal age and education had significant impacts on the use of maternal health care services including prenatal examinations and birth in hospitals(P<0.05).Low-income(<$1000) women used less maternal health care services than the high-income(>$5000) women(P<0.05).The women who were covered by the cooperative medical insurance scheme and poverty alleviation scheme used more prenatal care and post-natal services and were more likely to deliver babies in hospitals than those who paid the services entirely out of pocket(P<0.05).Conclusion Poor social and economical situation has a detrimental impact on the use of maternal health care services,which might be associated with poor education and low financial capacities of the women.