妊娠期妇女过敏原检测及指导干预的临床意义

目的：了解妊娠期妇女过敏性疾病的常见过敏原种类,干预指导后对妊娠期妇女的影响。方法：选取2013-01～2013-12在佳木斯市妇幼保健院产科门诊孕检并在该院生产的既往有过敏性疾病（荨麻疹、过敏性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、湿疹）史23～35岁的孕产妇,自愿接受过敏原检测及指导干预的158例孕产妇作为实验组,而只接受一般围产期孕检的有过敏性疾病史的孕产妇167例作为对照组,对实验组成员进行过敏原检测并进行分类统计,了解妊娠期妇女的过敏原常见种类及各类过敏性疾病的常见过敏原,并依据过敏原检测结果给予饮食及生活环境生活习惯的指导,与对照组比较分析在妊娠期过敏性疾病的发病情况。本研究所有受试者签署＂知情同意书＂。结果：妊娠期常见过敏原前5位分别为：户尘螨、真菌类、牛奶、狗毛、蟹。四种过敏性疾病经指导干预后实验组发病人数的比例较对照组差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论：个体化饮食与生活环境的分析指导可以减少妊娠期过敏性疾病的发病率。

Pregnancy women allergen detection and clinical significance for guiding the intervention

Objective：To investigate the common allergens of pregnant women with allergic diseases,and the influence on pregnant women after intervention.Methods：Pregnant women of age 23～35years old with allergic diseases（urticaria,atopic dermatitis,allergic rhinitis,eczema）maternal history,who accepted gynecology clinic pregnancy test in Jiamusi Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital from 2012 Janurary to 2013 December were chosed as study cases,and 158 pregnant women who volunteerly accepted maternal allergen detection and intervention were taken as experimental group.167 pregnant women who only accepted maternal perinatal pregnant examination with history of atopic disease were taken as control.Members in experimental group were accepted allergen detection and classification statistics,so as to understand the common allergens of pregnancy women and common allergens species and all kinds of allergic diseases.The guide on diet,environmental and lifestyle were offered to y on baisis of allergens detection.The incidence of pregnancy of allergic diseases was analyzed by comparison with the control group.In this study,all subjects signed ＂The Informed Consent＂.Results：Five common allergens before pregnancy were：household dust,mold,milk,dog,crab.Four kinds of allergic diseases in experimental group by guidance and intervention,the incidence proportion was significantly different compared with control group（P〈0.05,）.Conclusion：the analysis and guidance of individual diet and living environment can reduce the incidence of allergic disease during pregnancy.