依那普利与吲哒帕胺对高血压患者中心和外周动脉压的影响

目的比较依那普利和吲哒帕胺对中心动脉压和外周动脉压的影响。方法采用随机双盲方法,经2周的安慰剂洗脱后,年龄30—75岁的轻、中度原发性高血压患者被随机分为依那普利组（10mg,1次／d）或吲哒帕胺组（2．5mg,1次／d）,共治疗8周。所有患者在开始服药前及研究结束时均做脉搏波检查。只有完成8周治疗的患者列入最终分析。结果共有101例患者（依那普利组51例,吲哒帕胺组50例）完成该研究,治疗前两组间的各参数基线水平差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0,05）。经8周治疗后,与基线值比较,除心率和吲哒帕胺组的反射波增压指数无显著变化外,脉搏波所有观察指标均显著下降;两组间比较,除依那普利组中心动脉收缩压、反射波增压、反射波增压指数显著低于吲哒帕胺组外,其他指标差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）;依那普利组中心动脉收缩压和脉压下降值显著大于肱动脉,而吲哒帕胺组未见显著性差异。结论依那普利和吲哒帕胺降低外周动脉压效果相似,但依那普利降低中心动脉收缩压和反射波增压指数更显著,这可能与该药使波反射降低有关。

The comparison of the effect of enalapril and indapamide on the peripheral blood pressure and central blood pressure through pulse wave analysis

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril and diuretic indapamine on the peripheral blood pressure and the central blood pressure in Chinese patients with essential hypertension.Methods This study was a double blind, randomized study. Informed consent were given by all patients. After 2 weeks of placebo run-in period, 105 patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension were randomized to receive either enalapril (10 mg per day) or indapamine (2.5mg per day) for 8 weeks. Radial pulse wave recordings were performed in all the patients before the active treatments were given and at the end of the study. Only those patients who have finished 8 weeks of active treatment in both groups were included into the final analysis.Results One hundred one patients (51 in enalapril group and 50 in indapamine group ) completed the study. No significant difference (all P values > 0.05) was found in baseline data between the two groups. After 8 weeks of treatment, all the parameters of pulse wave (except heart rates in both groups and augmentation index in indapamine group) decreased significantly. Comparison of the 2 groups showed that there were no significant differences (all P values > 0.05) in all the parameters of pulse wave except that the central systolic blood pressure, augmentation and augmentation index were significantly lower in enalapril group than in indapamine group. In enalapril group, the reduced values of systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in central aorta were significantly larger than those in brachial artery. However, the difference was not observed in indapamine group.Conclusions Enalapril and indapamine are both similarly effective in reducing peripheral arterial blood pressure. Moreover, enalapril is more effective in reducing central systolic pressure and augmentation index than indapamine. The difference is probably due to the reduction of wave reflection caused by enalapril.