初高中学生近视动态分析

目的　了解初高中学生近视进展情况以及相关的影响因素 ,动态分析近视发展的原因。方法　通过定期体检及分发调查表的形式 ,调查了我市 8所中学在校患近视眼的学生 ,筛选出符合条件的调查对象 2 3 1 3名。结果　 2 3 1 3名初高中生 3年中近视进展者 1 60 8名 ,占 69.5 2 %。随着年级的增加 ,其近视进展率逐年上升。高中生近视进展较明显 ,与初中生比较有非常显著性差异。近视进展度数在 -0 .75～ -1 .75D之间的占 76.3 6%。相关的影响因素中每日学习时间≥ 1 2h的 87.0 2 % ,经常连续学习超过 1 0 0分钟的 64.2 4% ,较少参加体育活动的 70 .60 % ,每日睡眠不足 8h的 42 .2 8%。结论　长时间持续近距离作业、缺乏体育锻炼、睡眠不足是引起青少年近视的主要原因。适当减轻学生的学习负担 ,加强体育锻炼是预防初高中学生近视进展的至关点。

Investigation and Analysis about Myopia Progression in Middle Schools

Objective To investigate myopia progression of middle school students and analyze the causes and the correlative factors of degenerative myopia. Methods Students with myopia in eight middle schools in Suzhou city were investigated and 2313 students were selected as study objects to conduct its analysis through regular physical examination and questionnaire. Results In 2313 students, 1608 students had degenerative myopia in past three years. The rate of degeneration increased with the advancement of the grade. In senior middle schools, the rate was different from that in junior middle schools. The degree of myopia progression that varied from -0.75D to -1.75D was found in 76.36% of the students. As to the correlative factors,87.02% studied for over 12 hours every day. 64.24% kept on reading for more than 100 minutes. 70.60% lacked physical training and 42.28% slept for less than 8 hours every day. Conclusions Long-term study, short-distance work, short of physical training and inadequate sleeping are primary factors of degenerative myopia. So it is important that the students'burden be relieved to prevent degenerative myopia.