拓展训练对留守儿童心理弹性和生活满意度影响的研究

目的 探究拓展训练对留守儿童心理弹性和生活满意度的影响，为提升留守儿童的心理健康水平提供依据。方法 抽取四川南部县1所九年一贯制学校6～8年级留守儿童为研究对象，试验组采用拓展训练干预，对照组在干预时间段不做特殊处理。在干预前后时间点，运用青少年心理韧性量表和青少年学生生活满意度量表分别对2组施测，就干预前后2组心理弹性和生活满意度的各因子评分进行分析。结果 干预前2组心理弹性和生活满意度各因子评分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；干预前后时间点对照组心理弹性和生活满意度各因子评分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；干预后试验组心理弹性的积极认知和情绪控制因子，生活满意度的环境和学业因子评分明显高于干预前（P值分别为0.015、0.029、0.037、0.043）；干预后试验组心理弹性的积极认知和情绪控制因子，生活满意度的环境和学业因子评分明显高于对照组（P值分别为0.039、0.048、0.047、0.033）。结论 拓展训练干预模式能积极塑造和改善留守儿童的心理弹性和生活满意度。

Study on the influence of outward-bound psychological resilience and life satisfaction of the left-behind children

Objective The aim of this study was to probe into the linkage between outward-bound training and psychological resilience and life satisfaction of left-behind children, so as to provide empirical evidences to improve their mental health. Methods Sixth- to eighth-grade left-behind children from a school within nine-year consistent system in Nanbu county of Sichuan province were selected as subjects. The experimental group received outward-bound training as intervention while no special treatment was given to the control group. In pre- and post-tests, the scoring of various factors associated with psychological resilience and life satisfaction of both groups were measured and analyzed using the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale and the Adolescent Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale. Results Differences in pretest scores of various factors regarding psychological resilience and life satisfaction of both groups showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). Differences in pre- and post-test scores of various factors regarding psychological resilience and life satisfaction of the control group showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). Post-test scores of factors regarding positive perceptions, emotional control, environment and study of the experimental group showed dramatic increase than those in the pre-test(with P-value being 0.015, 0.029, 0.037 and 0.043 respectively). Post-test scores of factors regarding positive perceptions, emotional control, environment and study of the experimental group significantly exceeded those of the control group (with P-value being 0.039, 0.048, 0.047 and 0.033 respectively). Conclusion Outward-bound training proactively built and increased the psychological resilience and life satisfaction of the left-behind children.