先天性肠闭锁病死率40年回顾性分析

目的 总结先天性肠闭锁病理分型及不同部位的发病率,分析影响各型肠闭锁病死率的因素.方法 回顾性分析本院近40年来302例先天性肠闭锁患儿的病例资料,对其病死率、手术方式和并发症进行统计学性分析.结论 闭锁在肠道的发病例数依次为回肠152例(50.3%)、空肠115例(38.1%)、十二指肠19例(6.3%)和结肠16例(5.3%),病理分型依次为Ⅰ型45例(14.9%)、Ⅱ型4例(1.3%)、Ⅲ-a型188例(62.3%)、Ⅲ-b型8例(2.6%)和Ⅳ型57例(18.9%).由宫内肠套或宫内肠扭转原因引起的闭锁发生率为16.8%.病死率由上个世纪70年代的50%显著降至近年的27.5%.闭锁发生的部位对于手术方式的选择和预后有显著影响,闭锁部位越高,其预后愈差.术后肠梗阻(包括功能性梗阻)和剩余肠管长度是影响其预后最为显著的因素.结论 肠闭锁的病死率随近年新生儿外科和重症监护的发展有显著下降,闭锁发生的部位和术后并发症(梗阻和短肠)是影响其治疗和预后的重要因素.

Abstract：

Objective To compare and analyze the factors affecting the morbidity and mortality among the different types of the congenital intestinal atresia.Methods Medical records of 302 cases of intestinal atresia during last 40 years were reviewed retrospectively.The statistic studies of morbidity and mortality,surgical procedures and complications were analyzed with SPSS11.5.Results The ileum was the most commonly location of the intestinal atresia followed by jejunum,duodenum and colon.The incidences of different types of atresia were: type Ⅰ(14.9%),Ⅱ(1.3%),Ⅲ-a(62.3%),Ⅲ-b(2.6%),and Ⅳ(18.9%).Intro-uterus intussusceptions and torsion of intestine were part of the causes of atresia with the incidence of 16.8%.The mortality was markedly decreased from 50% in 1970s to the recent 27.5%.The location of the atresia is an important factor that affects the surgical procedures and prognosis,indicating that the higher location,the poorer prognosis.Postoperative intestinal obstruction and length of the reserved intestine were another factors affecting prognosis.Conclusions The mortality is tremendously decreased due to the recent development of the neonatal surgery,anesthesia and NICU.The location of the atresia and postoperative complications such as obstruction and short bowel syndrome are the two important factors that affect prognosis.

Morbidity and mortality of congenital intestinal atresia: a review of 40 years

Objective To compare and analyze the factors affecting the morbidity and mortality among the different types of the congenital intestinal atresia.Methods Medical records of 302 cases of intestinal atresia during last 40 years were reviewed retrospectively.The statistic studies of morbidity and mortality,surgical procedures and complications were analyzed with SPSS11.5.Results The ileum was the most commonly location of the intestinal atresia followed by jejunum,duodenum and colon.The incidences of different types of atresia were: type Ⅰ(14.9%),Ⅱ(1.3%),Ⅲ-a(62.3%),Ⅲ-b(2.6%),and Ⅳ(18.9%).Intro-uterus intussusceptions and torsion of intestine were part of the causes of atresia with the incidence of 16.8%.The mortality was markedly decreased from 50% in 1970s to the recent 27.5%.The location of the atresia is an important factor that affects the surgical procedures and prognosis,indicating that the higher location,the poorer prognosis.Postoperative intestinal obstruction and length of the reserved intestine were another factors affecting prognosis.Conclusions The mortality is tremendously decreased due to the recent development of the neonatal surgery,anesthesia and NICU.The location of the atresia and postoperative complications such as obstruction and short bowel syndrome are the two important factors that affect prognosis.