颌骨畸形患者围手术期护理

探讨颌骨畸形围手术期护理经验，包括术前应用头影测量和模型外科设计截骨移动距离和制作定位he板，用计算机模拟手术过程及效果，充分了解患和家属对容貌要求，做好心理护理。术前3d口腔清洁，术后加强呼吸道管理．局部冷敷．颌间牵引护理，术后并发症的观察和护理，出院后随访。笔认为：耐心细致的心理护理使患和家属对手术过程及愈后有了充分的了解，以积极的心态配合手术。详细的术前准备确保了手术的成功，密切的护理观察减少了并发症的发生。本组760例颌骨畸形手术患无感染，术后复发2例，口鼻漏1例，术后腭动脉大出血1例，及时发现及时处理．保证了术后安全。单侧下牙槽神经损伤2例，单侧下唇麻木，给予神经营养药物和物理治疗，有效的健康教育，1年后恢复。

Perioperative nursing of patients with jaw bone deformity

To explore the experience of perioperative nursing of the jaw bone deformity patients, including: application of head x-ray measurement before operation, model surgerically designing the movement distance of cut bone, and making localization and gripping board, simulation the operation course and result by using computer, fully understanding the patients and their relatives' requirement for looks, and enhancing the psychological nursing. The authors reported keeping the oral cavity clean for 3 d before operation, strengthening respiratory track management after operation, a local cold compress, observation and nursing of postoperative complication, and regular follow-up after leaving hospital. The authors argued: patient and careful psychological nursing can make patients and relatives understand operation course and healing sufficiently and cooperate with operation positively. The detailed operative preparation guaranteed success of the operation and close nursing observation reduced the occurrence of complication. None of 760 patients with jaw bone deformity in this group was found infected. After operation, 2 cases was found reoccurrence, 1 oral-nose leaking, 1 palate artery massive haemorrhaging, however all above cases were found and handled in time, which guaranteed the security of operation. In 2 cases, alveolus nerve was damaged under the single side, and the lower lip of single side was numb. Provided with the neural nutrition medicine, physical treatment and effective health education, they recovered one year later.