不同年龄阶段与不同语种类型的错误记忆研究

目的 探讨语种类型和年龄对学生错误记忆的影响,为进一步明确错误记忆的作用机制及影响因素提供实证依据。方法 2015年4月随机抽取潍坊市某大学、高中、初中共60名学生为被试,采用集中联想范式(DRM范式),以中、英文单词为实验材料,进行错误记忆测试。采用方差分析的方法进行结果统计。结果 1)学过项目正确再认率和关键诱饵词的错误再认率均高于无关项目的错误再认率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);2)大学生学过项目的正确再认率高于高中生和初中生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同语种类型的项目学习对正确再认率不存在显著影响(P>0.05);3)低年龄学生关键诱饵错误再认率显著低于高年龄学生,中文学习项目关键诱饵错误再认率高于英文学习项目,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 随着年龄的增长,学习项目的正确再认率逐渐提高,不同语种和不同年龄对错误记忆影响显著。

Study on the false memory in different age stages and different language types

Objective To explore the effect of the language types and age on students′ false memory,in order to provide empirical evidence for further clarifying the mechanism and influencing factors of false memory . Method A total of 60 students from university,high school and junior school in Weifang were selected as subjects in April 2015.False memory test was conducted with DRM paradigm using Chinese and English words as the experimental material.Variance analysis was used get statistical results. Results 1)The correct recognition rate and the false recognition rate of critical lure were higher than those of irrelevant items(P<0.01);2) The correct recognition rate of college students was significantly higher than that of high school students and junior school students(P<0.05);There was no significant effect of learning on the correct recognition rate in different language types(P>0.05);3)The recognition rate of the critical lure of low age students was significantly lower than that of high age students(P<0.05);The false recognition rate of key bait in Chinese learning program was significantly higher than that in English learning program(P<0.05). Conclusions With the growth of age,the correct recognition rate of learning program is gradually improving,and different language and age have significant effect on false memory.