父母教养方式在农村留守儿童创伤经历与健康危险行为关系中的调节作用

目的 探讨农村留守儿童创伤经历对健康危险行为的影响以及父母教养方式对其影响的调节作用,以期有效预防和干预农村留守儿童的健康危险行为。方法 2016年3-5月采用青少年健康相关危险行为问卷(AHRBI)、儿童期创伤经历问卷简版(CTQ-SF)和父母教养方式评定量表(EMBU)对364名农村留守儿童进行了调查。结果 1)农村留守儿童健康危险行为与儿童期创伤之间呈显著正相关(r=0.12～0.31,P<0.05),与权威型父母教养方式呈显著负相关(r=-0.21～-0.48,P<0.01),与专制型和放任/忽略型父母教养方式呈显著正相关(r=0.12～0.36,P<0.05);2)儿童期创伤与权威型父母教养方式呈显著负相关(r=-0.11～-0.44,P<0.05),与专制型和放任/忽略型父母教养方式呈显著正相关(r=0.12～0.47,P<0.05);3)父母教养方式在儿童期创伤对农村留守儿童健康危险行为影响的调节效应显著,结构方程模型拟合良好(χ²/df=2.774～3.460,IFI=0.91～0.92,CFI=0.90～0.92,GFI=0.93～0.94,RMSEA=0.07～0.08)。结论 儿童期创伤是农村留守儿童健康危险行为的重要危险性因素,权威型父母教养方式在其间起积极调节作用,专制型和放任/忽略型父母教养方式起消极调节作用。

Mediating effect of parenting styles on the relationship between childhood trauma and health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children

Objective To explore the impact of childhood trauma on health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children and mediating effect of parenting styles on this impact,in order to prevent and intervene health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children. Methods A total of 364 rural left-behind children were surveyed by the Adolescent Health Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI),the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) from March to May 2016. Results 1) The health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children were significantly positively related to childhood traumas(r=0.12～0.31,P<0.05),negatively related to authoritative parenting style (r=-0.21～-0.48,P<0.01) and positively correlated with authoritarian and permissive/neglecting parenting styles (r=0.12～0.36,P<0.05); 2) Childhood traumas were significantly negatively related to authoritative parenting style (r=-0.11～-0.44,P<0.05) and positively related to authoritarian and permissive/neglecting parenting styles (r=0.12～0.47,P<0.05); 3)The moderating effect of parenting styles on the impact of childhood trauma on health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children was significant,and the structural equation model was statistical powerful (χ²/df=2.774～3.460,IFI=0.91～0.92,CFI=0.90～0.92,GFI=0.93～0.94,RMSEA=0.07～0.08). Conclusion Childhood trauma is an important risk factor for health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children,and authoritative parenting styles act as the role of positive moderating effect between them,while authoritarian and permissive/neglecting parenting styles act as the roles of negative moderating effect.