婴幼儿牛奶蛋白过敏诊治的研究进展

母乳喂养是婴儿最好的喂养方式,牛奶配方粉是除母乳外婴幼儿最主要的食物蛋白来源,但婴儿期食物过敏以牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)最为常见。CMPA症状多样且无特异性,目前牛奶蛋白激发试验仍是诊断CMPA的金标准。牛奶相关症状评分(CoMiSS^TM)有望成为诊断CMPA的一个有效工具。CMPA治疗上首选深度水解配方奶粉,氨基酸配方奶粉用于治疗比较严重的患者,口服免疫耐受治疗CMPA需要更多的临床研究。益生菌的添加有助于提高排除饮食的效果,加速免疫耐受的形成。作者采用文献综述的方法,希望对CMPA的诊断和治疗提供新思路。

Research progress on diagnosis and treatment of milk protein allergy in infants

Objective Milk formulae is the main source of food protein for infants in addition to breastfeeding, so cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common type of food allergy. Its symptoms are diverse and not specific, therefore the diagnosis and treatment of CMPA is still a challenge at present. A challenge test is considered as the golden standard diagnostic test of CMPA. The Cow's milk related symptom score (CoMiSS^TM) may be a valid diagnostic tool. Breastfeeding is the best way to feed baby. Guidelines recommend eHF as the first option, while AAF is reserved for the most severe cases. Oral immunotherapy remains an investigational treatment to be further studied before advancing into clinical practice. The administration of probiotics may contribute to the efficacy of an elimination diet in CMPA and accelerate the acquisition of tolerance. Literature was searched and reviewed in this study to find the diagnosis and treatment of CMPA, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CMPA.