Phenol Red Inhibits Chondrogenic Differentiation and Affects Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro |
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| Authors: | Helle Lysdahl Anette Baatrup Anna Bay Nielsen Casper Bindzus Foldager Cody Bünger |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, N?rrebrogade 44, building 1A, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
2. Sports Trauma Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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| Abstract: | The purpose with this study was to investigate the effect of phenol red (PR) on chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). hMSCs were differentiated into chondrogenic and osteogenic directions in DMEM with and without PR for 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Gene expression of chondrogenic and osteogenic markers were analyzed by RT-qPCR. The presence of proteoglycans was visualized histologically. Osteogenic matrix deposition and mineralization were examined measuring the alkaline phophatase activity and calcium deposition. During chondrogenic differentiation PR decreased sox9, collagen type 2, aggrecan on day 14 and 21 (P?P?P?P?P?P?
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