血液内科住院老年肿瘤患者感染病原菌分布和耐药性分析研究

目的 探究血液内科住院老年肿瘤患者并发感染时分离获得的致病菌分布特点及其对抗感染药物的耐药性.方法 在2010年1月至2012年6月期间,采用常规方法对血液内科住院老年肿瘤患者并发感染时获得的标本进行病原菌分离和培养,采用微量稀释法进行药敏试验.结果 所有送检标本中分离出致病菌共302株,其中革兰阴性菌194株,革兰阳性菌91株,真菌17株.分离出的真菌大多对抗真菌药物敏感,革兰阴性菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素最敏感,革兰阳性菌对万古霉素和替考拉宁敏感.结论 血液内科住院老年肿瘤患者感染以革兰阴性菌为主,在细菌培养结果出来前,建议使用以抗革兰阴性菌为主、同时兼顾抗革兰阳性菌的广谱抗生素.

Distribution characteristics and drug resistance of infection pathogens isolated from elderly patients with malignancies in hematology ward

Objective To investigate the distribution features and antibiotic drug resistance of infection pathogens isolated from elderly patients with malignancies complicated with infection following treatment in an open hematology ward. Methods From January 2010 to June 2012, specimens from hospitalized elderly patients with concurrent infection were cultured to isolate infection pathogens through routine methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by microdilution method. Results A total of 302 strains of infection pathogens were isolated from all detected samples, among which isolated strains of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were 194, 91 and 17 strains, respectively. Isolated fungi were mostly susceptible to antifungal drugs. Gram-negative bacteria were highly susceptible to carbapenem, while Gram-positive bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Conclusions The nosocomial infection pathogens of elderly patients with malignancies in hematology ward are most likely Gram-negative bacteria. Before specimens culture results and susceptibility are known, all these patients should be empirically treated with broad spectrum antibiotics, which have the most activity against Gram-negative bacteria as well as Gram-positive bacteria coverage.