糖尿病周围神经病的发病机制及治疗展望

糖尿病周围神经病（DPN）是常见的糖尿病并发症。发病机制主要有多元醇途径的激活、糖基化终末产物的形成、蛋白激酶C途径的激活、氨基己糖途径的激活、线粒体内氧自由基过量生成的共同病理生理学机制以及氧自由基直接损伤机制等6个方面。抗氧化治疗是目前临床主要的治疗手段。以阻断共病机制为靶点的药物是今后的研究方向。本文主要针对DPN的发病机制及治疗等研究进展作介绍。

Pathogenesis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and Prospect of Antioxidative Therapy

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Recent evidences show that oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of diabetic neuropathy. Mechanisms that mediate the tissue-damaging effects of hyperglycemia include: enhancing of polyol pathway, intracellular production of advanced glycation end products, PKC activation, increased hexosamine pathway activity, over production of mitochondrial superoxide and direct damaging. It is concluded that conventional antioxidative therapies are essential and effective, while novel antioxidants are promising too. The unifying mechanism is a target for further study.