2000-2006年住院患者医院感染调查分析

目的探讨综合性医院的医院感染临床特点和病原菌类型,为预防与控制医院感染提供科学的理论依据。方法采用前瞻性和回顾性结合的调查方法,对医院2000-2006年的住院患者医院感染进行统计学分析。结果医院感染率为3.8%,重症监护病房（ICU）感染率最高为16.9%;感染部位以呼吸道为主;医院感染的病原菌中革兰阴性菌占45.65%、真菌占31.9%、革兰阳性菌占20.58%;肠球菌属的发生率逐渐增加。结论加强医护人员培训、严格执行无菌技术、减少侵入性操作、提高手卫生的执行率、合理使用抗感染药物,是降低医院感染的有效措施。

Nosocomial Infection of Inpatients: Investigation and Analysis of Hospitalized Cases from 2000 to 2006

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical feature of nosocomial infection and the type of pathogens in general hospital, and provide the scientific theory basis in order to prevent and control the nosocomial infection. METHODS An analysis was made on the basis of the survey, the data came from hospitalized cases from 2000 to 2006. RESULTS Their prevalence rate was 3.8%. The highest infected rate was in ICU (16.9%). The main infection site was respiratory tract. Among pathogens isolated from nosocomial infection cases, 45.65% were Gram-negatives, 31.9% were fungi, and 20.58% were Gram-positives. The formation rate of the Enterococcus gradually increasesd from year to year. CONCLUSIONS There are many effective actions to reduce the nosocomial infection, such as strengthening the medical training, carrying out the aseptic technology strictly, reducing the invasive operation, raising the executable rate of hand hygiene, and using the antibacterial drug reasonably.