用于评价动物社交偏好程度的新方法

目的：利用一种改进的三箱社交装置评价动物的社交偏好程度，并探索该方法的可行性。方法：采用注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)大鼠作为社交障碍模型动物，以同源大鼠（WKY)大鼠和Wistar大鼠作为对照组，模型组采用治疗ADHD的临床常用中成药小儿黄龙颗粒（1.88 g/kg、3.75 g/kg）灌胃给药16 d。利用改进的三箱社交箱，以待测鼠在陌生鼠侧密切交流区的时间、频次、路程及相关比例作为行为学指标，检测该方法对社交行为评价的可行性。结果：与Wistar大鼠组比较，模型组大鼠与WKY组大鼠在密切交流区域及有陌生鼠侧区域的时间显著减少（P<0.01），其他指标如频次、路程及比例也均有不同程度减少，小儿黄龙颗粒两剂量均能增加模型大鼠上述各指标数值。结论：该方法能准确捕捉动物的社交行为特征，实现对动物社交偏好程度的全面、客观评价。

A New Method for Evaluating Social Preferences in Animals

To explore the feasibility of an improved three-chamber social device to evaluate the degree of animal social preference.Methods:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) rats were used as social disorder model animals，and Wistar-Kyoto(WKY) rats and Wistar rats were used as control group.The model group received Xiaoer Huanglong granules，a commonly used clinical traditional Chinese medicine for ADHD，at doses of 1.88 g/kg and 3.75 g/kg via gavage for 16 days.An improved three-chamber social apparatus was employed，and the time，frequency，distance and proportion of rats in the area with close communication and the area with unfamiliar rat side were used as behavioral indicators to test the feasibility of this method for evaluating social behavior.Results:Compared with the Wistar rat group，the rats in the model group and the WKY rat group showed a significant decrease in the time spent in the close interaction area and the unfamiliar rat side area(P<0.01).Other indicators，such as frequency，distance and proportion，were also reduced to varying degrees.Both high and low doses of Xiaoer huanglong granules increased the values of these indicators in the model rats.Conclusion:This method can accurately capture the social behavior characteristics of animals，enabling a comprehensive and objective evaluation of animal social preference.