南昌城区中老年人群不同年龄组和性别的颈动脉内膜-中层厚度超声检测

目的研究南昌城区中老年人群不同年龄组和性别的颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（IMT）,建立正常参考值。方法将422名30岁以上成年人（冠心病、脑血管病、糖尿病者除外）按除年龄因素外的动脉粥样硬化危险因素分为正常组与对照组两个队列。以年龄段各分为5组,并分男女亚组行颈动脉超声检查。结果颈动脉IMT均值随年龄的增长而增厚;IMT显著增厚出现在男性年龄〉40岁、女性年龄〉50岁时;男性的IMT均值较女性略厚;39岁以下或50岁以上各组男女差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;各对照组均值较正常组的增厚（P〈0.05）。颈总动脉内径随年龄的增长而增宽;男女两性颈总动脉内径均从50岁后明显增宽;颈总动脉内径男性较女性增宽（P〈0.05）,颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率随增龄而增长,39岁以下正常组队列和对照组队列均未检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块;40岁以上正常组队列颈动脉粥样硬化斑块总发生率为5.06%,对照组队列为20.60%;男、女性粥样硬化斑块发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。检出颈动脉狭窄3例5条血管,狭窄〉50%,均发生在对照组队列。结论该研究以正常组队列40岁以上各组的颈总动脉IMT均值作为南昌城区中老年人群不同年龄组和性别的颈动脉IMT正常参考值;该研究各年龄组IMT测定值较国内文献报告数值稍低;年龄是颈动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素;其他多种危险因素与颈动脉粥样硬化密切相关;颈动脉粥样硬化的发生无性别差异。

Intima-media Thickness of Carotid Artery in Middle-aged and Old-aged People With Different Age and Sex at Nanthang City by Ultrasound

Objective To investigate the intima-media thickness（ IMT） of carotid artery in middleaged and old-aged people at different age and sex at Nanchang city and to establish the normal reference value. Methods Excluding coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus,422 patients,above 30 years old were divided into the normal and the control groups based on whether the dangerous factors of atherosclerosis existed or not. Then each group was divided into 5 sub-groups according to age and sex and IMT of carotid artery measurement was perfrmed with ultrasound. Results Means of IMT of carotid artery becomes higher as the age became older. IMT got predominant thick only when the age was more than 40 in male and 50 in female. Means of IMT is little higher than that in female,but there was no statistical difference between male and female group at age below 39 or above 50. Means of IMT in the control groups were higher than that in the normal groups and the differences was predominant. The ages older,the inner diameters of common carotid arteries wider,and became more predominant wide as the age was more than 50. Compared with female groups,the inner diameters of common carotid arteries of male groups were wider than those in the female groups’. The incidence rate of carotid atherosclerosis plaques was higher as the age became older,but the atherosclerosis plaques was not observed in population below 39 years old. In the population above 40 years old,the incidence rate of carotid atherosclerosis plaques was 5. 06% in the normal groups and 20. 60% in the control groups. No statistic differences exited in the incidence rate of carotid atherosclerosis plaques between the male and female groups. Carotid artery stenosis were observed i. e. five arteries were found in three control patients,and the stenosis degree exceed 50% of the diameter of artery. Conclusions The IMT of common carotid arteries in the people at age of 40 and above 40 in the normal group were taken as the reference value of the middle-aged people at different age and with different sex in Nanchang city. The value of IMT in this study is little lower than the values reported by literatures in China. Age is the major dangerous factor causing the carotid atherosclerosis. Other many dangerous factors are closely related with carotid atherosclerosis,but sex is not statistically significant to cause carotid atherosclerosis.