绝经期前、后女性急性心肌梗死患者临床特点分析

目的探讨绝经期前、后女性急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者的危险因素、发病特点及预后,以提高诊疗效果。方法分析2003~2007年首都医科大学宣武医院收治的女性AMI患者共324例,依据是否绝经及绝经年限分组并对危险因素、临床表现、并发症和入院30d病死率进行比较。结果绝经前女性AMI患者与绝经后患者相比,高脂血症的发生率更低(P=0.005,OR值8.151);典型胸痛症状的发生与年龄(P=0.001,OR值0.881)及绝经年限(P=0.025,OR值2.600)差异有统计学意义;绝经年限与严重心律失常和心力衰竭(>KillipⅡ级)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。合并糖尿病和心力衰竭(>KillipⅡ级)是预测绝经后女性心肌梗死患者死亡率的独立危险因素(P=0.043,OR值1.081&P<0.001,OR值12.339)。结论绝经期前、后女性心肌梗死患者具有不同的临床特点,应结合其临床特点加强针对性的预防和诊疗措施。

Analysis of the Characteristics of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Pre-menopausal and Post-menopausal Female Patients

Objective To investigate the characteristics of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in female patients, especially in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women patients. Methods 324 female AMI patients were divided into two groups according to weather menopause or not and the time after menopause. The risk factors, clinical manifestation, complications and morbidity of in-patient 30 days were analyzed. Results Compared with post-menopausal women, the pre-menopausal had lower occurrence of hyperlipidemia(P=0.005...