上海市青浦区中小学生伤害现况调查分析

目的了解上海市青浦区中小学生伤害发生的流行特点和规律，为制定伤害干预措施提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取青浦区30所中小学校在校学生3200人，采取问卷进行现况调查和研究。结果该人群一年内发生伤害13种，伤害发生率为55．80％，发生2种以上伤害者占24．91％；小学生伤害发生率为72．16％，中学生伤害发生率为34．06％，小学生伤害率明显高于中学生（P〈0．01）；男生伤害发生率为60．92％，女生伤害发生率为50．00％，男生伤害率明显高于女生（P〈0．01）。伤害类型排在前5位的是跌伤、碰伤、刀割伤、烧烫伤和动物咬伤。学生伤害地点分为校内、校外和家中，分别为21．37％、34．83％、43．80％，在家中伤害比例最高（P〈0．01）。结论中小学生伤害发生与年龄、性别、父母职业、与亲人共同生活否、是否为独生子女有密切关系。伤害已对中小学生构成了严重威胁，应采取相应的预防和控制措施。

Analysis of Epidemiology of Injuries among Primary and Middle School Students in Qingpu District

Objective To get the epidemiological characteristics of injuries among primary and middle school students, and provide scientific evidence for intervention strategies in Qingpu district of Shanghai city. Methods Three thousand and two hundred students were sampled from 30 primary and middle schools in Qingpu District by random cluster sampling method. Questionnaires were used for prevalence survey. Results There were totally 13 kinds of injuries over the past years. The prevalence of injuries was 55.80%. Students who had suffered 2 or more kinds of injuries accounted for 24.91%. The prevalence of injuries among primary and middle school students was respectively 72. 16% and 34.06%. The prevalence of injuries among primary school students was significantly higher than that of middle school students （P 〈 0.01 ）. The prevalence of injuries among boys and girls was respectively 60.92% and 50.00%. The prevalence of injuries among boys was significantly higher than that of girls （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The top 5 of the prevalence of injuries were slip fall, bruise, stab wound, scald and animals bites. There were 21.37% of injuries taking place outside school,34.83% of injuries taking place in school and 43.80% of injuries taking place at home. The proportion of injuries taking place at home was significantly the highest （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The injuries among the students are associated with their age, sex, their parents＇ occupations, whether they live with their relatives and whether they are singles. Injury has become a serious problem for students. We should take relevant control measures.