大学生抑郁情绪及其相关影响因素研究

目的 研究大学生抑郁情绪及其相关因素,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供依据.方法对562名在校大学生,采用自拟调查问卷及抑郁自评量表进行调查分析.结果 大学生抑郁情绪检出率为38.1%,男生检出率(44.0%)显著高于女生(33.4%,χ2=6.41,P＜0.05);其抑郁情绪发生率随着在校学习年限的增长而呈现下降趣势,二年级男生抑郁情绪检出率显著高于女生(P＜0.01),其他年级男女生差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).男大学生抑郁情绪的发生与少年时期的生长环境、对专业兴趣、健康状况、倾诉与否、恋爱与否、年龄等因素均显著相关(P＜0.05或0.01);女大学生抑郁情绪的发生与健康状况、倾诉、对就业前景的预计、人际关系、在校学习年限等因素显著相关(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 大学生抑郁情绪发生率较高,男生发生率显著高于女生,且抑郁情绪产生与诸多因素相关,不同性别抑郁情绪产生的危险因素存在差异性.高校部门应有针对性地开展健康教育,有利于提高大学生的心理健康水平.

Depressive emotion and correlation factors in college students

Objective To research depressive emotion and related factors in college students in order to provide bsis for improving their mental health levels. Methods Surveys and analyses were carried out in 562 undergraduates with the Self-made Questionnaire （SQ） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）. Results Detection rate of depressive emotion were 38.1% in the students,that was significantly higher of the male than the female （44.0% vs. 33.4%, x2=6.41,P〈0.05）; detection rate of depressive emotion low ered with learning on campus, that was significantly higher of grade 2 male than female （P〈0.01） and there were no gender significant differences in other grades （P〉0.05）. Development of depressive emotin of the male students was nmably related to juvenile growth environment, interest in speciahy, health sta tus, confiding or not, loving or not and age （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; that of the female to heahh satus, confid ing, employment prediction, interpersonal relation and learning years （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of depressive emotin is higher in college students and that is significantly higher in male than in female students, the development of depressive emotin is related to many factors, risk factors of the development of depressive emotin have gender difference. Purposeful health education should be carried out in order to improve mental health levels of the students.