结膜松弛症诊断治疗技术

结膜松弛症是由于球结膜过度松弛和/或下睑缘张力高,造成松弛球结膜堆积在眼球与下睑缘、内、外眦部之间形成皱褶,引起眼表泪液学异常,并伴有眼部不适等症状的疾病。结膜松弛症多发生于老年人,常主诉眼部干涩、异物感、泪溢。诊断结膜松弛症的关键是裂隙灯检查见松弛的球结膜堆积在眼球与下睑缘、内眦部、外眦部之间。结膜松弛症根据症状和体征在临床上分为四级。结膜松弛症的球结膜组织发生以弹力纤维减少、胶原纤维溶解为主要的组织病理改变,泪液中出现蛋白质及酶的异常表达,泪液排泄出现障碍。结膜成纤维细胞中基质金属蛋白酶MMP-1及MMP-3过度表达,使得MMPs与TIMPs之间失去平衡,可能使胶原纤维溶解,弹力纤维变性,导致球结膜基质和Tenon’s的过度降解,引起眼表泪液学异常的病理循环,而发生结膜松弛症。结膜松弛症眼部刺激症状严重者,可以给予泪液制剂、润滑剂和皮质类固醇或抗组胺等药物。上述方法无效,选择手术治疗:(1)结膜新月形切除术;(2)结膜缝线固定术;(3)结膜切除羊膜移植术;(4)角膜缘结膜梯形切除术;(5)双极电凝治疗术;(6)下睑缘高张力减弱术。上述手术方法对治疗结膜松弛症都有效,但各有缺点,且有不同适应证。

Technique of diagnosis and treatment of conjunctivochalasis

Conjunctivochalasis is due to over loosen of bulbar conjunctiva and/or high tension of lower eyelid,which results in loose bulbar conjunctiva interposing among the globe and the lower eyelid,media and lateral angle of eye,causing abnormal of the ocular surface and tear system,and complicating with ocular discomfort.Conjunctivochalasis is usually occurred in elder patients,with dry,foreign body's sensation and epiphora.The key of diagnosis is finding loose bulbar conjunctiva interposed among the globe and th...