艾滋病对农村高发地区患者家庭经济影响的调查分析

目的:通过研究艾滋病患者对家庭经济的影响,了解艾滋病的家庭疾病负担,为农村地区艾滋病防治工作合理配置资源提供基础数据资料。方法:采用问卷调查方法进行调查,通过测算家庭的直接花费和间接花费,计算家庭的经济负担;通过外推家庭费用计算患者生存期内家庭经济负担;并计算家庭经济负担占家庭收入百分比;进行2组家庭收支情况对比分析。结果:家庭直接花费为834.60元/年,间接花费为1073.76元/年,家庭疾病负担共计为1908.36元,外推家庭花费合计为6101.77元。家庭负担占家庭收入的36.70%;艾滋病病人家庭收入显著降低,在医疗消费支出方面比对照组高得多,而用在文化、娱乐和生活等方面的消费水平明显较对照组家庭低。结论:艾滋病影响着患者家庭经济的多个方面,使家庭收入降低,家庭总消费能力降低,家庭消费结构发生变化,从而影响了整个病人家庭的生活质量。政府免费抗病毒、抗机会性感染治疗和检查,政府的救助,大大减轻了患者家庭的经济负担。

Economic Costs of AIDS at Household Level in High-incidence Rural Areas

Aims:To investigate the economic costs of AIDS at the household level,analyze the household expenditures,and provide valuable data for the prevention of AIDS in rural areas. Methods: Data were collected from 811 AIDS cases and 1 115 cases of healthy control through a standard questionnaire to assess direct and indirect economic cost,as well as evaluate the household expenditures. Extrapolation of household costs was estimated during the illness period. Moreover,the percent of household expenditures within family income was also assessed. Results: Direct costs at household level were 834.6 yuan/year,and indirect costs were stated to be 1 073.76 yuan/year,amounting to the household expenditure of 1 908.36 yuan/year,being 36.7% of annual income in AIDS family. Moreover,extrapolation of household costs was 6 101.77 yuan/year. The economic income was significantly decreased in AIDS family compared with controls,but medical consumption was markedly increased in AIDS families than healthy controls. Consumption in education,cultural life,entertainment,and daily life was also demonstrated to be decreased in AIDS family than in controls. Conclusion: AIDS results in family income decrease,family cost decrease,and abnormal changes of the household consumption,leading to decreased quality of daily life at the household level. Therefore,free-charge treatment against AIDS,opportunity infection,examination,and social relief will allow to reduce family economic expenditures.