证候概念的形成与证候概念的定义方法

为探讨证候概念的形成与定义方法,为中医证候的研究奠定基础,用传统文献学的研究方法考证了证候概念的形成与发展历程,从认识论的角度分析了证候的主客体关系,以逻辑学有关概念的定义与方法分析讨论了证候的概念.研究发现,目前中医对证候的定义存在多种方法:从信息学角度者有之;从生理病理学角度者有之;从复杂系统角度者有之.这充分体现了从不同视角研究中医证候的现状.说明从不同的学科对"证候"性质或属性的抽象,可为中医学增加新的概念,而概念的移植或可促进学科的发展;然无论从何视角研究证候,证候的定义均应采用逻辑学中语义学定义、属加种差定义法,特别是证候的属加种差定义法.

Development and definitional method of syndrome manifestation concept

The research method of traditional philology was used to examine the formation and development of syndrome manifestation concept(SMC) of Chinese medicine,the relationship between the object and subject of SMC was analyzed from the angle of epistemology,and the definitional method in logic was used to discuss the formation and definitional method of SMC and laying a foundation to the research of the syndrome manifestation.There are many different methods to the definition of SMC in Chinese medicine at present,including informatics,physiology,pathology and complex system.It reflects the current situation of the research of the syndrome manifestation from various visual angles.The natural and attribute abstraction of syndrome manifestation by different school subjects can increase new concepts for Chinese medicine,and the concept transplant can promote the development of a school subject.The definition of SMC,however,should use the definitional method of semantics and attribute adding genus difference in logics,especially for SMC no matter what angle is taken from to research the syndrome manifestation.