铁缺乏及补充对7～12岁儿童智力及脑功能影响的研究

从Ｈｂ＜１２０ｇ／Ｌ，ＦＥＰ＞５００μｇ／Ｌ，ＳＦ＜１６μｇ／Ｌ及补铁后Ｈｂ升高１０ｇ／Ｌ四项指标任选三项为ＩＤＡ诊断指标，以武汉市市郊７～１２岁儿童１１６０人为研究对象，共筛查出ＩＤＡ患者２６９人，并以配对的方法随机抽取７０名分为缺铁补铁组（另补铁１０ｍｇ、ＶＣ５０ｍｇ）和缺铁组（即安慰剂组，不含铁及ＶＣ），另设正常对照组３０人，连续３个月。观察补铁前后各组Ｈｂ、ＦＥＰ、ＳＦ、智商（ＩＱ）、脑事件相关电位（ＥＲＰｓ）中Ｎ１、Ｐ２、Ｎ２、Ｐ３四成分的变化情况。结果表明，经３个月补铁，缺铁补铁组各项指标均恢复正常，与正常对照组比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。缺铁补铁组智商的变化主要表现在视觉记忆（Ｐ＜０．０１）、有意义记忆、语言推理及数量推理（Ｐ＜０．０５）等四方面有明显改善；脑事件相关电位的变化主要是Ｎ１和Ｐ３两成分的潜伏期明显缩短（Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明，铁缺乏对儿童智力及脑功能存在明显影响，但经３个月补铁后能恢复正常。

EFFECTS OF IRON DEFICIENCY AND SUPPLEMENTATION ON INTELLIGENCE AND CEREBRAL FUNCTION IN CHILDREN OF SEVEN TO TWELVE YEARS OLD

Any three of the following four indices,which are Hb<120g/L,FEP>500μg/L,SF<16μg/L and Hb increased by 10g/L after iron treatment were chosen as IDA diagnosis index.The survey was taken within 1160 school aged children(7-12y)in Wuhan suburbs.269 children were found with IDA.Then 70 IDA children were divided into 2 groups:iron treatment group was provided 10 mg iron and 50 mg VC per child per day and iron deficiency group(without iron and VC)and another 30 children as nomal control group.Three months later,the changes of Hb,FEP,SF,IQ and N 1,P 2,N 2,P 3 in brain event-related potentials were examined.The result showed that each index in iron-treatment group restored to normal condition after three months iron supplementation,and showed no significant difference with the nomal group(P>0.05).Obvious improvement in IQ of iron-treatment group mainly performed at four ways:visual memory (P<0.001), conscious memory,language deduction and amount deduction (P<0.05).The main changes on brain event-related potentials were obviously shortened on the potential period of N 1 and P 3 (P<0.05 and P<0.001).Therefore the study indicated that iron deficency had great influence on childrens intelligence and cerebral function which could be improved to nomal by iron supplementation.