中、晚期孕妇营养状况与贫血调查

用膳食频率问卷法及３日膳食登记法对南通市１８３名中、晚期孕妇怀孕一年及孕期的膳食情况进行了调查，并测定了其血红蛋白含量、空腹晨尿中锌、钙及肌酐含量。结果表明：孕中、晚期食物结构比较合理，但乳制品摄取比例均较低（仅占３．７％和４．５％）。营养素分析结果：除钙、铁、锌、视黄醇、硫胺素、核黄素外，能量及其它营养素都达到或超过了ＲＤＡ标准，中、晚期钙、锌，视黄醇、硫胺素摄入均不足，Ｃａ分别为ＲＤＡ的６２．９％（中期）、４２．９％（晚期）；Ｚｎ为６８．４％（中期）、７２．６％（晚期）；ＶＡ为７８．５％（中期）、７１．９％（晚期）；ＶＢ１为７１．７％（中期）、７７．２％（晚期）。铁、核黄素摄入仅孕中期不足，分别为ＲＤＡ的７９．６％与７７．２％。生化检测结果表明，孕中、晚期贫血患病率分别为４５．１％和６５．９％；尿Ｃａ／Ｃｒ、Ｚｎ／Ｃｒ排出量分别为：０．５８、０．４７ｍｍｏｌ／ｍｍｏｌ及０．７７、１．４９μｍｏｌ／ｍｍｏｌ。对贫血原因所作的多元逐步回归分析表明：怀孕前一年动物内脏及动物血摄食频率（Ｘ２５）、孕期动物性食物能量占总能量比（Ｘ７１）及孕妇文化程度（Ｘ５）与血红蛋白含量（Ｙ）呈正相关，回归方程为：Ｙ（Ｈｂ）＝１?

INVESTIGATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ANEMIA IN THE SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

A survey of foods intake of 183 women in one year before pregnancy and at different stages of pregnancy was conducted with a diet questionnaire and a three day food record sheet respectively. Biochemical analysis was only studied at pregnant stages. The results revealed that the components of diets of pregnant women were rather rational,and the calorie and most of nutrients they consumed were more than 90% or 80% of RDAs except calcium、zinc、vitamin A and thiamine. There were 45.1% and 65.9% of the subjects in the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters respectively who had hemoglobin values less than 110 g/L.. Other biochemical indices,such as urine calcium/creatinine and urine zinc/creatinine in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters were 0.58,0.47mmol/mmol and 0.77, 1.49μmol/mmol respectively. The result of stepwise regression analysis showed that the intakes of liver and animal blood in one year before pregnancy(X 25 ),calorie by animal foods in pregnant stages(X 71 )and the culture degree of pregnant women(X 5 )were positively correlated with hemoglobin values(Y).The regression equation was:Y=103.26+0.144X 25 +0.0072X 71 +1.6246X 5 .