重庆地区计划妊娠妇女弓形虫感染现况调查

目的 了解重庆地区计划妊娠妇女弓形虫感染现况,为本区域出生缺陷一级干预提供参考依据。方法 采用按比例多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取11 953例计划妊娠妇女进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血,用ELISA法检测弓形虫特异性抗体。结果 11 953例妇女中,弓形虫IgM阳性71例,阳性率0.59%;IgG阳性771例,阳性率6.45%。一圈地区弓形虫IgM阳性率、IgG阳性率均高于渝东南和渝东北地区( χ²=35.28,P<0.000 1;χ²=82.65,P<0.000 1)。弓形虫IgM阳性率随文化程度升高而升高(χ²_趋势=3.25,P=0.0011)。不同职业妇女弓形虫IgM阳性率、IgG阳性率不同(χ²=13.93,P=0.016 0;χ²=15.58,P=0.008 1),IgM阳性率和IgG阳性率均公职人员最高。既往有不良妊娠结局史的计划妊娠妇女,弓形虫IgM阳性率、IgG阳性率高于对照组(χ²=6.85,P=0.008 9;χ²=59.25,P<0.000 1)。密切接触猫的计划妊娠妇女弓形虫IgM阳性率和对照组无统计学差异(χ²=0.23,P=0.628 6),IgG阳性率高于对照组(χ²=9.95,P=0.001 6)。结论 重庆地区计划妊娠妇女弓形虫感染率处于较低水平,不良妊娠结局与弓形虫感染有关。

Investigation of Toxoplasma infection among planned pregnant women in Chongqing,China

We investigated the Toxoplasma infection prevalence among planned pregnant women in Chongqing, and to provide reference for the first level intervention of birth defects in the region. A total of 11 953 planned pregnant women were selected by proportionally stratified multi-stage random sampling method. Questionnaire survey was given to the women, and blood samples were collected. Specific IgM and IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma were detected with ELISA. Results showed that among the 11 953 cases surveyed, Toxoplasma IgM was positive in 71 cases, with the positive rate of 0.59%; IgG was positive in 771 cases, with the positive rate of 6.54%. The positive rate of IgM and IgG antibodies in the metropolitan core region of the city was higher than that in the suburb areas (χ²=35.28, P<0.000 1; χ²=82.65, P<0.000 1). The positive rate of IgM antibody increased with the educational level (χ²_trend=3.25, P=0.001 1). The positive rates of IgM and IgG varied in occupations among women (χ² =13.93, P=0.016 0; χ² =15.58, χ² =0.008 1), with the highest rate of public officials. Planned pregnant women with the history of abnormal pregnancy outcomes had higher positive rate of T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies than those in the control (χ²=6.85, P=0.008 9; χ²=59.25, P<0.000 1). There was no significant difference of IgM positive rate between the planned pregnancy women who had closed contact to cats and the control group (χ²=0.23, P=0.628 6), while the positive rate of IgG was higher than that of the control group (χ²=9.95, P=0.001 6). T. gondii infection rate was on the low level of planned pregnant women in Chongqing. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are related to Toxoplasma infection.