北京老年人认知功能对生存率影响的八年随访观察

目的 通过对北京市社区居住的老年人进行队列追踪，观察不同认知功能水平的老年人的预后和生存概率。方法 对1992年抽取的55岁以上老年前期和老年人2047例进行前瞻性研究。结果 1992年认知功能正常组8年累积死亡率31．6％，显著低于认知功能异常组(60．4％)。正常组中正常高分者的累积死亡率27．7％，明显低于正常低限者(53．3％)。分年龄计算的3组生存曲线明显不同。控制了年龄、性别、城乡、一般健康状况等影响因素的多因素分析也证实，认知功能水平低者死亡的危险高于功能水平高者0．85至1．7倍。结论 认知功能是独立于年龄、性别、健康等状况外的影响老年人存活的重要因素。加强对认知功能水平低的老年人的监护可能对降低老年人死亡率有帮助。

Cognitive performance and mortality over eight years follow up in Beijing elderly people

Objective To observe prospectively the cognitive function and the outcome among elderly people. Methods The data came from Beijing longitudinal study on aging,in which 1811 community-living people aged 55 years and above were tested with MMSE at baseline and followed up for eight years. Results Of 241 people who had cognitive impairment at baseline survey,60.36% were found to be dead in follow up. The mortality was much higher than that of cognitive intact person,which was 31.6%. Among the cognitive-normal subjects,the high normal patients had lower mortality (27.7%) than their low normal counterpart,which was 53.3%. The survival probability stratified by the age were significant different. After controlling the effect of age,gender,urban and rural,general health,etc,the relative risk of death for the elderly with low cognitive function was verified to be higher than the people with higher cognitive function. Conclusions Cognitive impairment has an indicative value for the outcome of community elderly people.