地塞米松对矫形术后患者吗啡自控镇痛引起恶心呕吐的影响

目的:研究静注地塞米松10 mg对矫形术后患者吗啡自控镇痛(PCA)相关的恶心呕吐的影响.方法:87名女性矫形手术患者随机分成静注地塞米松10 mg组和静注 0.9%氯化钠注射液组,观察术后24 h内恶心呕吐和对抗吐药需求、反应情况.结果:静注地塞米松组非常显著地减轻了由PCA引起的恶心呕吐(P<0.001)和对抗吐药的需求(P<0.01),并且抗吐药对病人比 0.9%氯化钠注射液组有显著性疗效 (无恶心呕吐和术后24 h不再需求应用抗吐药)(P<0.05).结论:在女性矫形手术后24 h,地塞米松10 mg可用于预防PCA相关的恶心呕吐.

Effect of Dexamethasone Upon Patients Morphine-controlled Analgesia-induced Nausea and Vomiting

Objective: To compare the anti-emetic effect of intravenous dexamethasone 10 mg in preventing patient-controlled analgesia-induced nausea and vomiting.Method: 87 female patients, received orthopaedic surgery, were randomy divided into two groups, the treated group received intravenous dexamethasone 10 mg, the controlled group was given saline.The nauseas and vomitings of patients and the need for anti-emetics were observed.Result: The prophylactic administration of dexamethasone 10 mg significantly reduced the overall incidence of patient-controlled analgesia-induced nausea and vomiting(P< 0.001)and the need for anti-emetics(P< 0.01).Furthermore,patients who received dexamethasone showed a higher incidence of complete responses(no vomting or need for anti-emetics for a 24 hours after operation than those who received saline(P< 0.05). Conclusion: Dexamethasone 10 mg may be valuable for preventing patient-controlled analgesia-induced nausea and vomting in female patients received major orthopaedic surgery.