儿童视力残疾因素及防治对策

目的：探讨儿童视力残疾因素，据此提出防治对策。方法：采取随机抽样方法抽取笔者所在市0～6岁儿童进行儿童盲和低视力抽样调查，由专业医师检查视力，筛查诊断原因并提出治疗措施。结果：140例视残儿童中，85例表现为低视力，占总数的60．7％，55例为不同程度的儿童盲，占39．3％。男童视力残疾比例普遍高于女童。导致儿童低视力的主要因素是弱视（57．6％），其次是先天性白内障（24．7％）；而致盲的主要病因是先天及遗传性眼部疾病，如先天性白内障、先天性小眼球、先天性青光眼等。结论：0～6岁儿童视力残疾以低视力为主，而弱视系导致低视力的主要原因；先天和遗传因素是致儿童盲的首要因素。对弱视等视力残疾可通过早期治疗可脱残。

Children with Visual Disability Factors and Countermeasures

Objective：Children explore the factors of visual disability , pursuant to propose countermeasures .Methods：I take a ran-dom sampling method where city children 0-6 years old children sample survey of blindness and low vision , visual inspection by a profes-sional physician, screening and diagnosis of the cause and proposed treatment .Results：Depending disabled children 40 cases, 85 cases showed low vision, accounting for 60.7%of the total, 55 cases of varying degrees of blindness in children , accounting for 39.3%.The proportion of boys than girls in general visual disability .The main factors that cause low vision children are amblyopia （57.6%）, followed by congenital cataracts （24.7%）;while the main cause of blindness is congenital and hereditary eye diseases , such as congenital cata-racts, congenital eye , congenital glaucoma .Conclusion：0-6 years old children with low vision -based visual disabilities , and the lead-ing cause of low vision in the amblyopic Department of; congenital and genetic factors are the primary factor in the cause of childhood blindness .For amblyopia and other visual disability can be off by early treatment residues .