异体脱细胞真皮基质作为组织工程皮肤真皮支架的可行性

背景:组织工程皮肤是目前研究皮肤损伤修复重建的重要手段之一,异体脱细胞真皮基质不存在免疫原性,在异体移植时不会发生排斥反应,是比较理想的真皮替代物。目的:观察异体脱细胞真皮基质的组织相容性。方法:以正常人体真皮组织作为对照,通过体外、体内细胞毒性实验检测异体脱细胞真皮基质的组织相容性,以膨胀度、饱和含水量及生物力学分析检测异体脱细胞真皮基质的亲水性及机械性能。结果与结论:真皮基质中未见任何细胞成分,其网孔直径介于100～180μm之间。脱细胞真皮基质组饱和含水量为(69.6±3.97)%,膨胀度2.30±0.42,最大断裂力为(3.082±0.046)N,与对照组相比,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。体内外细胞毒性检测,未见明显细胞生长抑制及免疫排斥反应。提示异体脱细胞真皮基质机械性能接近正常皮肤,组织相容性好,免疫排斥反应小,是构建组织工程皮肤理想的真皮材料。

Feasibility of acellular dermal matrix as a dermal substitute in tissue engineering

BACKGROUND:Tissue engineered skin has been used to repair defect skin.Acellular dermal matrix(ADM) had no immunogenicity,which cannot lead to rejection following transplantation,thus,this is an ideal dermal substitute for tissue engineered skin. OBJECTIVE:To explore the biocompatibility of ADM.METHODS:The histocompatibility,hydrophilicity and mechanical performance of ADM were detected by cytotoxicity test in vitro and vivo,equilibrium water content,swelling degree and biomechanical analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No cell component was observed in the ADM.The ventage of ADM was 100-180μm in diameter.In the experimental group,equilibrium water content was(69.6±3.97) %,swelling degree was 2.3±0.42 and the breakage force was(3.082±0.046) N.There was no significant difference between experimental and control groups(P>0.05) .It was indicated that in cytotoxicity test,no inhibition effect on dermal papilla cells in vitro and no severe immunological rejection in vivo was found.The selected ADM could be an optimal biological material as a substitute of dermal with good histocompatibility,low immunogenicity and moderate mechanical performance.