小鼠颈动脉导丝损伤模型建立与特点分析研究

目的探讨一种小鼠颈动脉导丝损伤模型的建立方法并分析其病理特点。方法C57／BL6小鼠左颈总动脉实施导丝损伤手术或假手术操作。在术后1d、7d、14d、28d分别处死小鼠取颈动脉经脱水包埋，制备石蜡切片进行组织形态学分析。苏木素一伊红染色检测颈动脉组织结构，免疫荧光和免疫组化染色检测内皮细胞、炎症细胞、氧化损伤、平滑肌细胞分化以及细胞增殖相关的标志分子。结果手术组术后14d和28d内膜面积分别为（6278．573±2215．38）μm^2和（15990．96±6242．384）μm^2，内中膜比值分别为0．260295±0．052791和0．689626±0．075805；术后14d再内皮化率达到87．2％±4．1％；术后7d、14d均可见明显的炎症细胞浸润，术后14d、28d均可见大量氧化损伤细胞；术后平滑肌细胞发生去分化。血管壁检测到大量细胞增殖。假手术组无内膜增生，内皮完整，无明显炎症浸润、氧化损伤，平滑肌细胞未发生去分化且增殖率低。结论本研究成功构建了一种研究再狭窄的小鼠颈动脉导丝损伤模型。

Establishment of mouse model of carotid artery injured by guide wire and its character analysis

Objectives To establish a mouse model of carotid artery injured by guide wire and analyze the pathologic characters of the model.Methods C57/BL6 mice were performed operation of guide wire injury(injury group) and sham operation(sham operation group) in left carotid arteries.The carotid arteries were harvested at 1 d,7 d,14 d and 28 d respectively after operation and were embedded in paraffin wax.For morphometric analysis,serial sections(3 μm thick) were created and stained hematoxylin-eosin.Immunostaining was performed for identification of endothelial cells,inflammatory cells,oxidative injury,smooth muscle specific gene expression,and cell proliferation.Results Mice of the injury group developed a robust neointima.Intima areas were(6 278.573±2 215.38) μm2 and(15 990.96 ±6 242.384) μm2 at 14 d and 28 d respectively,and the intima to media ratios were 0.260 295±0.052 791 and 0.689 626±0.075 805.Reendothelialization of the injury group was up to 87.2%±4.1% at 14 d.There were numerous inflammatory cells at 7 d and 14 d,while large sums of oxidative injured cells were observed at 14 d and 28 d;moreover,smooth muscle specific gene expression was dedifferentiated;cell proliferation was increased in the injury group.On the contrary,intima cell proliferation,inflammatory cells,oxidative injured cells,smooth muscle specific gene expression did not show in control group.Endothelium was not injuried and proliferation of smooth muscle cells was low in sham operation group.Conclusions We successfully established a mouse model of carotid artery injured by guide wire.