老年患者脑微出血患病情况及危险因素分析

目的分析老年脑微出血(CMBs)的临床特点及危险因素。方法选取2010年2月～2012年2月解放军总医院南楼神经内科住院患者217例,年龄60~96岁,平均(81±6)岁。采用1.5T核磁共振扫描仪行常规磁共振及三维梯度回波序列检查,记录CMBs病灶数。结果 CMBs总检出率为39.2%,随着年龄增长,CMBs检出率逐步增高,≥90岁可高达50%。多元回归分析显示:年龄(95%CI 1.202~2.322,P=0.014)、高血压(95%CI 1.143~4.927,P=0.020)和脑梗死病史(95%CI 1.108~4.439,P=0.024)与老年CMBs密切相关。结论≥60岁患者中,CMBs检出率接近40%,年龄、高血压及脑梗死病史是老年CMBs独立危险因素。

The prevalence and risk factors of cerebral microbleeds in elderly patients

Objective To investigate the prevalenee and risk factors of CMBs in elderly Chinese patients. Methods A total of 217 elderly patients,aged 60-96 and consecutively hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of the PLA General Hospital in Beijing between February,2010 and February,2012,participated in the study. MRI assessment of CMBs and routine laboratory tests were perfomled on all participants. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factor associated with CMBs. Results CMBs were detected in 85 （39.2%） eases,and the incidence rate of CMBs increased with the age of the patients （23.3%, 28.9%,44.4% and as high as 50% in the age group of 60-69,70-79,80-89 and over 90 years respectively,P〈0.05）. CMBs were highly correlated with age （95% CI 1.202~-2.322,P=0.014）,previous hypertension （95% CI 1.143-4.927,P=0.020） and previous cerebral infarction （95% CI 1.108-4.439,P=0.024） of the patients. Conclusions CMBs occurs in nearly 40% of elderly Chinese patients over the age of 60 years. Age, previous hypertension and previous cerebral infarction are independent risk factors of CMBs in these patients.